So I'm trying to figure out what my starting build should be, now that everything is different for 2010. Traditionally, I will give each dwarf a specific responsibility and ONLY that responsibility; this is to avoid dwarves being needed in two places at once, and to maximize quality output of crafters, as well as facilitate control over strange mood products (and skill gains). There are a few exceptions for nonvital secondary jobs with no quality modifiers (and example would be the 'Murderer' position held by a dwarf with tanning and butchering skills, since butchering has no quality modifier and one is only needed after the other). Free time is generally spent hauling.
This leaves me with a conundrum during the embark process. I always pick a few professions that will be immediately useful, and any other professions I will essentially only use as haulers until such time as I can take advantage of the skill I gave them (for instance weaponsmithing; I generally don't have a metalcrafting industry until I complete several major construction projects and have magma forges). Now I'm faced with the advent of the medical profession in dwarfdom, which leads me to wonder how important skill is in terms of medical treatment.
In the real world, an unskilled person attempting a radical medical procedure like bone setting or surgery (or even diagnostics) is much more likely to make things worse than better. Add to this the fact that, in DF, there is no opportunity for training until the skill is actually needed, and I have to wonder if it would be foolish not to train a starting dwarf with at least surgery, bone setting and diagnostics.
On the other hand, in any case where i train a dwarf in something I don't expect to need right away, there's now the issue of 'rust'. I take very good care of my dwarves, and generally don't see any real combat until years into the game.
So I have a conundrum. The pertinent questions appear to be:
1. How and in what way is experience important to the practice of medicine?
2. How difficult is it to gain skill in a medical profession?
3. How quickly does rust effect the skill level of an idle dwarf?
I simply don't know the answers to these questions (I just picked up the game again for the first time since DF010 was released).