Officially and theoretically, Hearts of Iron II Doomsday Armageddon goes up to 1964. But in practice that's only tech and end date. There's really not much at all in the way of events (that is, what drives the AI strategically) past 1946 or so.
I think the mod New World Order 2 for Darkest Hour (one of the two HoI2 remakes of sorts) covers the Cold War entirely, but to what extent and with what degree of quality, I don't know. It was also developed over years and years, since the times of vanilla HoI2.
It's largely unreasonable to expect a single game to encompass both WW2 and the Cold War with HoI-level detail. And unless you go substantially ahistorical, any post-WW2 game would be terribly boring and uneventful unless the focus is shifted, to the point it's not a Hearts of Iron. HoI is a World War simulator, and there hasn't been anything remotely like a global war since WW2. Korea, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria have been nothing but skirmishes compared to it, and therefore considerably uninteresting to play from HoI's strategic perspective and focus. You could lower the scale of the game to better adapt to those conflicts, but then you'd remove the possibility of a manageable world war. You can't have the cake and eat it too.