Taxes aren't a punishment. We're taxing them for two very real reasons. One, because they have lots of money, and so we can bring in lots of money, and two, because we have every right to since they couldn't exist without government assistance.
One is utterly ridiculous. There is no reason that somebody with lots of money should be expected to just give it away.
The state provides public education = skilled employees.
Public transport = your employees and customers able to access your company.
Public hospital funding = your employees / customers live longer are more productive etc (Just look at how much $$$ USA spends on health for a supposedly "private" system - the big health lie is that in USA you end up paying TWICE for half the care compared to a public health system in other countries. In Australia we pay a similar amount of tax each towards the health system, and that covers all basic care / hosiptal access. In the USA you pay about the same in tax, but gotta pay again to get any actual care).
Also, who pays for the army and police (and the legal / court system) ? That protects shipping lines as well as territory, protects nuclear fuels and waste during transport, protect property and business premises.
Remember, a "contract" would be only a piece of paper without a higher authority to whine to when the other party does not keep to the agreement. And enforcing contracts costs a lot of money (legal costs / courts / prisons). The alternative is to live by vigilante justice / corporate mercenaries and assassins.
All these are things that a corporation would need to budget for itself if not for what we call a "society". They are able to leverage existing infrastructure to make a profit with lower initial investment and costs.
It's the reason they're running business'es in the USA and not tax-free Somalia
That's "reason two" covered, why corporations need the nation-state to even exists. We'd have to call them "warlords" if there was no state, because that's what they'd effectively have to become to survive (survival of the fittest). There is no divide between criminals and businessmen without the state/laws, so they would blend together.
"reason one" is the same logic as "why shouldn't people get to keep every cent they can earn and get away with it?". That's the logic of accumulating big profits. Remember the value of my dollar is less if you have more dollars, so my "dollars" are not a static thing, it represents my share of the pie. That's why I'm stealing from you if I counterfeit dollars. Them having lots of dollars reduces the value of yours.
So the government has the exact same right to tax as highly as they can
"because they can get away with it.".. That's the logic of power. You have a right to try and accumulate anything that's not nailed down, so does the government.
The other part of the equation for "reason one" is that all that social infrstructure costs money. (the poor who get meager hand-outs are held as the spending culprits, but how much wealth actual accrues with them? Almost none, it all goes to corporations). So we're left with a big bill, and
"someone's got to pay for it".. That someone might as well be the corporations as they're the main beneficiaries and also the guys with all the money.