The new system is called X-trap. I never heard or saw it used before, but I've had no problem with it so far.
The comment on Steam was, as Xardalas guessed, from before the change.
As for ports permits mentioned earlier, you get them when you achieve certain milestone, mostly based around fame initially (later permits come from quests). You don't simply get the permit whenever you reach the required fame. Instead, you'll have to visit your capital city, when entering port you will receive a message saying you are expected at the Governor mansion (or your regional equivalent) and it is there that you will receive the permit. You should have a few port permits by the time you finish basic school.
I'm interested in this game: what stands out to me is that it seems low-maintenance (as it apparently takes a long time for your ship to sail and do stuff) and that it has a lot of content.
Early on, this might not be really the case. You start with a small ship that can get attacked by anything, you can travel for long or far, etc. However, once you get better ships, which doesn't take long now since school quests give some, and access to other areas, it really is low-maintenance if you choose to.
On a personal note, I have been lucky and got on of those 3x10M reward from the random draw and I am now sitting on over 46M. I also finished adventure advanced school and got the Sambuk. I love that ship. Almost the same cargo than my trading ship, but much faster and with vertical sail. I also got ports permit for south Africa, all the way to Cape Town and should get the ones for the Caribbean soon as well. Doing thesis has proven to be a huge help in getting fame up.