You can determine beforehand what you think is the best hospital or even what you think should happen to you if you were to fall ill. For example, if you think the local hospital sucks balls, you could carry with you a document saying that you only want to be stabilized by the people from that hospital and that the treatment, if possible, has to be conducted in another hospital/clinic that you think is far better suited for the situation. Being proactive means thinking about what could happen and preparing for when it happens.
Also, if you really think it'd be best for you to cure your problems by taking an aspirin, I don't see why any one should stop you. It's your right to not be treated if you don't want to.
I want the government to enforce the following rules:
1.) No monopolies
2.) No cartels
3.) Companies have to provide in-depth information about their products
4.) Companies may not bribe, extort, threaten, wound, kill or preform other actions that are illegal to normal people
5.) People must be free to chose what they buy
The government doesn't need to do anything else, because 1. and 2. ensure that a company can always provide a cheaper or saver alternative and 3., 4. and 5. ensure that people are capable of judging each product accurately and chose the right one.
Currently, none of those rules are enforced. People don't know squat about what they buy, they can chose between 120 products made by 1 or 2 companies and they don't even know what company is behind what product. Prices are not set by supply and demand but by what companies think they can get away with without tipping the authorities off. Companies can and regularly do buy new laws and half of the products ever conceived are forbidden in some way.
As to why the government isn't doing this right now, I honestly have no clue. Apparently, they find appeasing the big companies and their own wallets more important then enforcing the most basic laws that provide a healthy market situation.