The 'lgbt ideology-free zones' have no legal weight behind them. They do not criminalise homosexuality in any way or target individuals. Strictly speaking, all they do is declare that 'we in this here town/region do not take kindly to promoting the thing'.
Their legal status is mostly symbolic, but of course in practice they do end up normalising homophobic attitudes (which were by all means already present) and provide some basis for blocking initiatives deemed non-kosher by the town council - like lgbt pride parades or sex education in local schools.
The whole thing is deeply politicized along the ruling party/opposition lines. It seems that for every lgbt ideology-free town there's another declaring support for the community, and the political affiliation of the council members is a very good predictor of which way the attitude swings.
It also ties in with the recent paedophilia scandals in the Catholic Church, with the supposed gay lobby among the clergy, and the normalisation of lgbt-friendly attitudes, being blamed for the whole thing (yes, paedophilia is associated with homosexuality in this narrative). The religious electorate by and large supports the ruling party, so it has been taken up as a political issue.
In short, no, one can't get arrested for holding hands in an lgbt ideology-free zone, but one might get angry slurs thrown their way more readily than usual.
My perception as an outsider looking in, is that overall the attitudes towards the lgbt community are slowly but steadily improving, and the whole 'zones' thing is more of a politically manufactured rallying cry to whip up the conservative electorate rather than the reflection of a sudden upswing in homophobia among the general populace.