Well, that could cost someone the fun to find this out for himself... what is pretty much one of the important aspects of fun in this game (next to !!dwarves!! in the booze stockpile and so on...). So, read on your own risk:
It is pretty simple in the long run: material with highest modifier, itemtype with highest mod and highest quality. So, did you know, an masterwork raw adamantine statue is worth 75,000 dwarven bucks alone? Well I guess that's old news. Then, the seasons:
Spring 201: Gather. Gather. Gather. Survival and rope reed (yes it can be found in [WET] places, read: next to water).
Summer 201: Producing some trade goods, in a word, clothes. Well, this and same as in spring. It lasts until the caravan finally arrives in...
Autumn 201: Trade. I never longed for a caravan this much. Picks were bought, some subterranean crops, and wood, because they yet had no axes with them. I think that is what everybody did up to this point. Started digging out some soil for plumps and some stone to start train those masons. They are important, as raw adamantine is quite limited, so only the most legendary dwarf should create those statues.
Winter 201 - Summer 202: Pretty much this program, mining some stone, dumping some statues, harvesting plump helmets, producing the dwarf fueling booze, groaning about immigrants and draft them to the stone hauling statue dumping force, and, finally, poking the HFS.
Autumn 202: One of the three miners became legendary and started mining the raw wealth. One of the five masons, who was sort of fastest, became legendary a while ago. The others were sort of degraded. And by this month, he should have reached legendary+5, because almost everybody was hauling stone for him, and he only jumping to create over a thousand statues. And one of the other masons decided for a comeback and created an artifact armor stand (armor stand goal?) and joined the statue inflation again. One may have been enough to process the raw adamantine by now. So, I started that.
Winter 202: Furiously laughing about the somewhat unexpected wealth explosion. Well, i did not expect that much. Walling of the entrance. Cursed goblin ambush. With missile weapons. That was >fun< the first thyme. One of the points I had to load a saved game, next to poking that HFS... At this point, 440 raw adamatine statues of high quality, 3560 marble statues and some of other stone, summing up to 4141 statues, were finished, and spring arrived.
I hope this is detailed enough, as there are not many details about the general approach. So, only one cook and one brewer, they were also planters, where needed. Maybe only 2 masons (had initially 5, maybe good for sorting out the best one after some thyme), 1-2 Miners (had 3), and the rest in the hauling force.
So, a funny story, even if I prefer the kind where a dragon annihilates entire civilizations and is the brought down by an elven child, with a stick or something. Or where a !!captain of the guard!! goes on an insane and awesome rampage.