Solipsism is a completely worthless philosophy that deserves no place in any reasonable epistemic discourse. It's like flipping the table: it's a gotcha which leads to nobody winning.
Indeed, it just so happens that consciousness being physical results in precisely that outcome.
See above. Other people appear to be conscious; it requires less assumptions to believe that what I see is real than that what I see is not.
No, other people do not *appear* to be conscious, they just do things. None of the things they do in themselves require consciousness as an explanation and an explanation not involving consciousness is a simpler explanation than one involving consciousness. Therefore if we take as our position that consciousness is a physical thing, then it follows that consciousness (except our own, see later) is eliminated by Occam's Razor.
This does not follow. I can make a near-identical statements as such which are clearly false:
If the material object that is an electron can explain everything in chemistry without the need of a combustion 'thing' inside the electron, Occam's Razor eliminates not just phlogiston but fire itself if we make combustion a consequence of chemistry.
You are treating consciousness as something that must be a single, unified object. This is not something that can be believed, given the extraordinary evidence we have that all perception is in the brain, yet one still perceives having one consciousness, despite such things as an inability to name what is seen or independently acting limbs.
EDIT: It should be noted that I believe consciousness is basically an illusion. This does not mean I don't believe it exists. There's a difference!
Fire is an empirically observable thing, phlogiston is not. Empirical things are exempt from Occam's Razor, which applies only to things which are not observable. This is why I am saying that a physical consciousness results in Solipsism, something you evidently despise.
It is like you have 7 billion monkey wheels and none of them require a monkey to turn them. However you observe one particular monkey turning one particular monkey wheel anyway that monkey exists and is very much turning that wheel. It does not follow however that there are 7 billion monkeys turning the other 7 billion monkey wheels. That is why I said a physical consciousness results in Solipsism, the consciousnesses of all other people are like the unnecessary monkeys in the above scenario, while your consciousness is the one unnecessary monkey that was observed.
Our current body of physical law represents our observed evidence. It would take an extremely large amount of evidence to overturn modern physics. That's not to say it can't be done - it's happened many times before - but it requires significantly more evidence than "I sat in my armchair and realized that the existence of something which can recognize its existence requires reality to include at least two fundamentally different kinds of monads, one of which comprises the universe as we know it and the other makes up a separate realm of the mind corresponding to my a priori intuitions about how cognition and sensation work."
Evidence means what is empirical. If my empirical self-observation results in the conclusion of dualism, that is equal to all other evidence. The amusing additional element here is that evidence itself implies consciousness and if consciousness is physical then nobody else actually has consciousness, since I am the only unnecessary monkey, to refer to my previous example to Putnam.
It appears I have implicitly assumed reductionism, even as I considered your non-physicalism. Okay. My argument still applies, with this addition: how can the body be noticeably different without the quarks that comprise the body being different? And if there is no noticeable difference between a body that's connected to an external mind and a body that doesn't, how can you determine which one you are? (I'm using Bayesian evidence here - knowing something is equivalent to a high probability of thinking X if and only if X is correct. For this to happen, there must be a causal interaction between X and the body - and not just a causal interaction, but one carrying a number of bits proportional to the complexity of X.)
Because the body is headed towards a number of possible future states that are multiple. The state that actually happens is the state that corresponds to that of the mind. The mind is unable to choose (or perhaps even imagine) what is not within the range of possible future states of the body.
To the external observer the situation appears random. In reality it is pseudo-random, but because consciousness is non-physical, no study of the physical world will reveal the pseudo-randomness and doing so would disprove freewill if such an explanation itself ignored consciousness.
What? I'm attempting to steelman this, and the best I can do is "neurons are all functionally identical and therefore theoretically interchangeable, although any particular neuron will have an internal state depending on its history." Even that isn't true, and I don't see how the steelman would support your argument against reductionism.
What I was drawing attention to is the fact that there are no neurons-of-consciousness that are observably different from regular neurons within the brain. So no empirical confirmation for a physical consciousness within the brain.
I don't understand how this connects to its context. Are you saying that the connection lies in the subconscious mind rather than the conscious mind?
The easiest way for the non-dualist to dodge the unnecessary monkey problem is to declare that the brain *is* the physical consciousness, that would in fact work if we were conscious of everything that the brain had in it, knowledge wise. Since the vast majority of things our brain knows were are unconscious of, we start needing a separate physical consciousness within the brain and no such thing empirically observable, so Occam's Razor strikes.
As I see it, this theory generates a testable hypothesis: people will never be wrong (edit: if their beliefs could have been true, and them being true wouldn't violate physical law, only probability). And if it doesn't generate a testable hypothesis, then it's useless as a theory.
The theory can be falsified in two ways. One is that you determine the material universe is entirely deterministic, the other is that you determine that the mind can do anything regardless of the physical laws. It's clockwork universe OR matrix-spoon-bending, either way I'm wrong.
Saying people can't be wrong because of this theory is like saying that people can't climb hills because of gravity. A person who is wrong is constantly having to strain *against* the principle itself, but only if his error is directed at a specific material state. A material thing can be in error about another material thing and so can a consciousness be in error about another consciousness.
That is an important detail of the science of wrongness. The brain is not actually separate from the body and the body is not actually separate from the rest-of-the-universe. However to recall back to the question about the colour blue, consciousness imposes onto the world a division, because that division is possible. It is possible for the light spectrum to be divided into colours, therefore divided they are.
Once we have divided the body from the universe, the body can respond in isolation to the consciousness and therefore can be forced to 'disagree' with other elements of the universe (the law does not apply within the mind or within the material world, only between them). Once we have accomplished this feat, we can exist in perpetual delusion since the elements that disagree with the consciousness have been 'eliminated'.
This is an empty explanation. It doesn't explain how the arm actually moves, and once you've truly explained how the arm moves (brain sends signal through neurons to cells which release chemicals which provide signal and energy to the structures that reduce a cell's length), you don't need this anymore - there's nothing else to be explained.
We were not talking about how the arm actually moves. We were talking about how free will, if it actually exists could move the arm.
That's still simply false. The map can incorrectly describe the territory, and the map itself can't affect the territory except to the extent that it is part of the territory.
Indeed, but not forever. The universe will always find a way to bring the two into agreement. The problem as already discussed is that information is also stored physically in *part* of the universe and consciousness has the power to divide up the universe into categories.
1. Occam's razor does not apply to definitions and categories. "It is strictly simpler for blue to not actually exist, only objects that tend to reflect light of particular wavelengths..." Reductio ad absurdum.
2. When you say "you, unaware of it, are arguing against your own existence," you are presupposing that if KittyTac were correct about consciousness being physical, they wouldn't exist. This is combining your beliefs and KittyTac's, and then claiming that the combination is an accurate reflection of KittyTac's beliefs.
1. Yes, because those things are part of consciousness.
2. Yes, it is common for people not to realise the consequences of their beliefs, it's other people's job to point that out. I am not however combining my own beliefs with that of KittyTac's, my beliefs are quite separate.
Consciousness isn't an explanation, it's a category or an observed process.
Consciousness creates categories. They are therefore related to consciousness, along with all empirically observable objects. Consciousness, not being physical is not subject to Occam's Razor and it eliminates Occam's Razor for all the things it 'touches'.
Blue doesn't "exist as an entity". It's a category/process of things that reflect light of a particular wavelength. And colors don't really explain things, they only describe them. An actual explanation would be something like "the electrons in this atom, probably for quantum mechanical reasons, resonate more at this frequency than another. When they resonate strongly, they generate additional electromagnetic waves which can travel in a different direction than the original wave."
It exists as an entity because it is empirical. The type of entity that it is, you have described correctly. It is a category, but remember that the body is *also* a category and consciousness clearly has a special relationship to it.
I would have to ask KittyTac, but I strongly doubt that they consider themselves to be disproving your existence. You are only projecting your views onto them. (Everyone does it - some amount of projection is necessary for social interaction unless you can explicitly model the neurons in someone's brain - but less is better.)
If KittyTac is right, then since I am the only unnecessary monkey (physical consciousness) KittyTac is just a mindless thing like the computer I am writing these words on. The same also applies to you.
What do you mean by the existence of an existence?
I simply mean the same thing in a different semantic context.
There is only one material consciousness if material consciousness happens to be true, Mine; you are just a complicated thing.
No, they aren't. That's only true in your model, in which consciousness is epiphenomenal. (I think - you're somewhat hard to understand, and you've never made it clear whether you think that consciousness causally/detectably interacts with the physical world.) If you don't consider consciousness to be epiphenomenal, then it's equivalent to blueness - it's just a more complicated physical process.
The question being addressed there is the existence or otherwise of free will. If consciousness is simply a product of the material universe, then there is no free will. Only if free will exists we have to come up with a mechanism for the non-physical consciousness to interact with the physical world without being part of it.
I'm not sure you understand physicalists. We don't think that consciousness is an object. We think that it's a process. Occam's razor does apply somewhat to processes, but in a way that's precisely opposite from your use. It's simpler for A and B to both be explained by one thing than for A to be caused by one thing and B by another. This means that your model, in which your externally-observable consciousness is caused by a bidirectional revision of physical reality and your mind to bring the two into concordance, and my externally-observable consciousness is "merely" caused by the interaction of atoms, is at a significant disadvantage.
Both senses of the application of Occam's Razor eliminate everyone but me from existence. We don't need a consciousness process, just as we don't need a consciousness object.
You cannot empirically observe the existence of your "consciousness" (by which I mean everything that you tack onto consciousness, including your non-physical existence) unless there is a causal and informational interaction between your consciousness and your brain. (Or maybe, in some epiphenomenal sense, you can - but not in a way that you could ever communicate, since communication is physical.)
That makes no sense at all. You can always empirically observe your own consciousness because your consciousness is the sum of things you are percieving. That is like saying that you can't observe 10 things because you can observe 10 separate things.
That statement is false, even if interpreted charitably. It is not the case that KittyTac's philosophy bars conscious beings from existing. Instead, KittyTac has a different operational definition of consciousness.
From KittyTac's perspective he is the one that exists and not the rest of us. Unfortunately there is no KittyTac perspective, since I am the only consciousness if he is right.