I was thinking about this just now in the actual shower, and I felt like it deserved an airing.
So, for mystifying reasons, many people refuse to accept that Columbus had no earthly clue where he had ended up and continue to refer to native Americans as "Indians". They also, like everyone else, call Indians "Indians". This is actually sort of fascinating. Not in and of itself, but because, notwithstanding, nobody (within margin of error) confuses the two - you never hear horror stories of anyone making an awkward attempt to engage his Mumbaikar doctor in small talk about peace pipes or pueblos. Regardless of using the same word, people still recognize the distinction right in front of their faces; even though all Indians are Indians, Indians are not the same as Indians. We might say, Indians· are not the same as Indians*.
That may sound obvious, but it's interesting because it underscores the fact that Orwell was wrong. Language doesn't control thought. Words are just arbitrary content-free symbols that don't actually "mean" anything - and replacing one word with another consistently is a semantic null-op. Despite using the same word, people will look at one person and see that person, and at another person and see a different person - adding native Americans to the colloquial definition of "Indian" in the 15th century didn't change how people thought about Indians, but how people thought about the word.
Naturally, this means that the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis was always obviously fraudulent, in case anyone ever really believed that. I think it's a pretty uplifting message, that Newspeak wouldn't actually work and calling something by a name doesn't change the thing or how people view it.