The shutdown is the inevitable result of ideology trumping reason. Both parties.
Bad consequences of the shutdown: One of the issues leading to the economic crash several years ago was the lack of capital circulating in the economy. The government began stimulating the economy by increasing the number of dollars in circulation through running the printing presses. That had at least 2 major effects: 1), it devalued all the money the global corporate a-holes had socked away in secret accounts and tax havens, by devaluing american dollars overall. 2) it increased the liquid capital supply in circulation, helping local economic activity to stay active. This cessation of that process will terribly impact the economy, as that life support line will now go dead.
Good consequences of the shutdown: While the government's spending has been a positive influence, its deficit spending has NOT been. Spending money you do not possess and refusing to compromise over it, insisting instead to just raise the credit limit on the credit card (what raising the debt ceiling does) without enacting some kind of budget control and budget prioritization is just plain insane. The shutdown will force budget prioritization, and force re-evaluation of "sacred cow" type expenditure items. (yes, there ARE many of these, and not all of them are social welfare type projects. There is untold amounts of fat in the defense spending budget.) Greece had its government finance meltdown-- Now its our turn in the US. Same exact cause. Too much spending, coupled with irrational behavior, and inability to compromise and prioritize. There is no choice now but to face up to the unpopular requirements that our government has been staunchly pretending aren't real for 50 years now.
How it could have been avoided: Less partisan ideology. Less fillibuster. Less argument. Less egotism. More compromise. More integrity. More rational decision making. More cooperation.
Why that didnt happen: Both parties are CONVINCED that THEY are RIGHT, and that the other side is WRONG and STUPID. They can't both be right-- But they CAN both be wrong. The insistence that they are 100% right, and the other side 100% wrong, (Does not matter which side. Both seem to hold that view, which is why no compromise could be reached) is dogmatism, and faith based decision making. I dont think I need to explain why that is epically foolish, and not something that should be occurring in a supposedly enlightened, educated, and secular country's government officials. The inability to compromise is the inability to properly evaluate need and priority. It is the inability to accept culpability for wrong doing. It is the inability to accept that what you did could even possibly have been wrong. When both sides insist on all or nothing, both sides will get nothing. QED.
I am very dissatisfied with their performance, but given the track record on both sides, I am not terribly surprised that they would fuck up this bad, rather than admit even the tiniest molecule of fault, or compromise even a single semicolon on any of their sacred issues.
(Sorry for the tone-- I am neither Dem nor Rep. I purposefully registered unaffiliated this year.)