One thing about NASA; I don't really like ROI arguments as evidence for increasing NASA's budget.
ROI isn't the point of NASA and never should become the point. NASA is about discovery and exploration. Making about financial gain is to set the wrong priorities.
Using a financial argument for NASA leaves them vulnerable to arguments about what they are doing. If ROI becomes the purpose then you start trying to measure and optimise it, distracting from the scientific merits on which such programs should be assessed.
NASA being a good financial investment should be entirely incidental to the decision to invest in it.
I think this next decade is going to need a examination of how US science is divided between departments and maybe even an overhaul of NASA's own internal divisions. The danger always is that any restructuring causes further cuts and semi-parasitic departments that provide vital services from within other organisations get entirely lost.
As for a presidential pardon, I personally believe his treatment has already justified it. Studies have shown it takes only two months of solitary confinement to cause permanent psychological damage 100% of the time. While I believe I've seen that he's no longer being held in those conditions, he was still subject to over a year of it before even being charged with a crime. But Manning's well-being is secondary to me. The #1 reason for me to call for a pardon is it would be the first act Obama has taken in the spirit of his original campaign, and that truly recognizes America's overwhelming frustration with corruption and secrecy. It would be a strong enough act of good faith towards my values, my frustration with the status quo, and the kind of president I thought Obama was making himself out to be during his campaign, that I would actually re-evaluate my opinion of the guy. I realize this reasoning is not shared by a majority and has about zero likelihood of happening, but most of my political opinions are that way and I'm kind of used to it.
I think the political divide here is interesting.
I view presidential pardons as a last resort for repairing injustices that the legal system can no longer address. So long as someone has legal remedies open to them the president stepping in is a political bypassing of the system. Such measures are extraordinary and should not be taken outside of the most extreme circumstances.
Obama using a pardon to entirely bypass a trial here would be at complete odds with his persona as a thoughtful law professor with great respect for the rule of law. That is the man who campaigned in '08, at least as far as I remember.
As for it showing awareness of, "overwhelming frustration with corruption and secrecy," sort of. In the most empty, politically cynical and pointless manner possible. It is an action that would change nothing as far as the secrecy system or government corruption (two grossly different problems in my view) goes. Undertaking a full review of secrecy standard, the classification system and clearance would be my main priority for demonstrating action in that area. I'm also not a fan of using people's lives to make political points, but that's just me.
Now, if Manning is given an extensive custodial sentence and appeal isn't an option,
then Obama stepping in would make sense, considering Manning's treatment and time served.
Similarly I feel that his mistreatment should be taken independently of his actual legal case. It should only be part of his trial so far as it effects evidence submitted or causes obstacles to his defence, and as mitigation taken during sentencing. The potential legal problems with his detention should be addressed separately, preferably by him bringing his own case and through an internal review by the military.