For the patents, what I'd most like to see is a patent (and copyright for that matter) that is not developed, sold, published, distributed or manufactured in, say, some 6 month period, immediately lapses. It sickens me the number of companies that will buy up patents simply so no one else can use the technology against them, and they hope that by the time the patent expires the advantage it offers to the consumer and the country will be irrelevant.
That, in a word, is bullshit.
I don't know about that one, some inventions cannot be applied right after patenting just because the technology to utilize it in a market environment it isn't available (say a chemical process that requires a certain type of reactor that isn't available yet, but that reactor is already in active development so it can't be used as a further development of the patent). So I guess it depends on how broad you define development here.
Also, the opposite happens too. Philips used to publish quite a bit in some backwater magazine that was only available in one landskreis of Germany IIRC. The reason for this was that if they came up with something that they could not put to good use (lacking production facilities of the right type for example) but which may be used by the competition, then publishing it would prevent others from patenting the invention, essentially making further development of that idea very unattractive. This would lead to situations in which a competitor had invested millions in developing and patenting a new technology, only for Philips to point out that they had missed a publication...
Which is why I included active development as one of the things that could extend it, duh. If you have a better idea of how to counteract the patent abuse that is "acquire technology, squash technology", I'm up for hearing it.
Increase the renewal fees? Set up a mandatory lease system so that if a technology isn't currently being applied, then the patent holder has to offer it up for lease at a fair rate, with that rate set by the governing patent office based on the development cost of the technology?