One of the things I struggled with when I first started playing was getting used to the game scale. So here is my list of tips without trying to get too specific:
1: Read the Wiki! Love the Wiki! Just don't feed it after midnight, get it wet, or expose it to sunlight.
df.magmawiki.com2: Think Small!!!! 3x3 farm plot of plump helmets all four seasons will feed your fort for many years. A 3x3 bedroom is quite luxurious for the average dwarf.
3: Initially, I normally build a butcher, a tanner, and a kitchen, and a refuse stockpile and immediately slaughter any grazing animals I embark with. Then, press z and under the kitchens menu disable plump helmets and any other plants you might have from being cooked. (Because cooking a plant does not yield seeds and plants are allowed to be cooked by default which can lead to premature starvation when you run out of plump helmet seeds.) This will net you some early meat for cooking, leather for bags, and bones for bolts(Craftsman Workshop. Can also use turtle shells for armor if your fishing industry is operational) Build your butcher and tanner next to your refuse pile outside to avoid miasma and overflow problems with the butcher.
4: Wood.. its good for more than pissing off elves. Create a wood workers shop, make seven beds, and one door/hatch cover to seal off your fortress. Then set cages, bins, and barrels on repeat until you get to where you can produce pots, at which point you remove barrels from the queue.
5: Mechanics Shop..By now you should have some stone, so make a machanics shop and queue up 10 mechanisms. Once they are done, build a double row of cage traps around your single tile entrance to your new fort[press 'b' 'T' 'c'].(More is better.) They make for an excellent early defense.
5: Build a still to process all those plants you've harvested.
6: Fortress organization: Read the wiki on burrows and stockpiles. Personally, I pause the game immediately at embark and create the following custom stockpiles:
- Wood 5x5 or larger
- Food -block all +enable plants (i.e. only allow plants) 3x3
- Refuse 5x5
- Corpses 3x3
Last but not least, go ahead and move your meeting area inside asap, and set it as a burrow. Then, go into your military menu and define a new alert that will restrict all of your dwarfs to the burrow. Hopefully, you will have enough time to recall all your dwarfs by toggling on the alert and your cage traps will catch whatever is coming for you.