A flamethrower made for use in space would include it's own oxygen, windows should be stronger, and androids need to breath to(Processor cooling is important*).
*Liquid cooling doesn't help, as they still need to dump the heat someway, and vacuum makes a pretty good isolator.
It's a depopulated astroid/lunar colony, the only people/droids would be scavengers/fugitives, so they'd be the ones making ad-hoc flamethrowers. Flamethrowers wouldn't be designed to work in space anyway, since some more advanced energy weapon would be better. It's a freaking grenade, not being able to withstand a grenade (designed to blow things to dust) does not a poorly designed pane of glass make, even if it's a foot thick to protect from micrometeorites. We have space robots and computers in real life already, don't need a constant air cooling supply. They just radiate thermal energy into space.
Even if the androids just overheat without air coolant, they still would last for far longer than a human when the air gets sucked out. Humans get maybe 40 seconds in near-vaccum before they're incapacitated/dead from embolism, robot has to process for a while before the overheating becomes crippling (and not taking into account the obvious future setting, with more energy efficient computers. Or, hell, androids in the first place.)
I'm thinking how cool a survival RPG would be here, though, having to look out for places to replenish/purify your air supply, as well as recharging your gadgets, refueling whatever uses combustibles, getting food and water, and finding a safe place to sleep. And you'd have to think strategically about using explosives and whether or not to rush into a firefight, since you've got to be careful about the integrity of your space suit or whatever building you're in. Robots might not have to worry as much about about air and food, but they'd still have to find energy to power themselves and would still have to shelter from cosmic radiation.