Personally I think the idea of formal schooling for dwarves doesn't really fit their societies or economics. Most dwarves are essentially peasants and peasants throughout human history learn by doing, by being involved with family/community labors, or by apprenticeship. The idea of the classroom came into being as human societies turned towards the model of the nation-state and as those societies depended more and more on intellectual skills. Of course, academies and the like have come into being at various times in history, but most often they were for the children of the rich and pertained to the study of rhetoric, philosophy, etc.. Dwarves just don't need that kind of education, and it wouldn't make sense to impart them in a classroom setting. Not every or even most dwarves are going to be a blacksmith or leatherworker, and learning those things in real life requires a certain amount of doing them. The model I would propose is an apprenticeship model: for different skills, dwarves can't pass certain skill levels and/or learn much more slowly than they would without being apprenticed to a more experienced dwarf. Things like farming, most people can learn the basics of in a day and get better over time with marginal improvements except when they're managing their own farms (that is, in real life). Furrow soil, put seeds a certain space apart--bam, you're done learning, now go do it for the rest of your life, peasant. For things involving real craftsmanship, like carving and especially blacksmithing, knowledge and advancement is not easily achieved on an individual scale without someone else to teach you. Skill acquisition as it is is already a little too amenable to mass production: if the goal is a medieval style of life, slowing things down is more called for.