Letting your surgeons experiment on dead citizens would be a saner and more realistic alternative. The price of knowledge could be that it really upsets the subject's friends and family ; especially those who have "traditionalist" personality traits.
Perhaps it could even be subject to mayoral bans, and trainee surgeons could find themselves thrown into ye olde dungeon for graverobbing.
I wonder if practicing upon corpses really does fit into the technology cutoff, however. We already have anachronistically good medicine for Europe during the Middle Ages.
Philosophically, doctors in the middle ages were uninterested in the internal workings of the human body, as horrendously backwards as that sounds, thanks to Catholic dogma variations of the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle that set science and philosophy back a thousand years in general, and
Galen for medicine in particular. (Even though Galen himself dissected corpses.)
The reason why they did things like leechings and bleedings of humors and such was that doctors were convinced that all physical maladies could be diagnosed by reading the horoscopes of the patient to find what treatment they needed to perform. Because of this, all doctors were astrologers and mystics, and Nostradamus's day job was that of an apothecary and worked with physicians.
Until the very end of the 14th century, it was very rare for Europeans to even dare question the ancient Greek texts on medicine or examine corpses.
In the 18-19 centuries, there was a cottage industry of
graverobbing corpses to supply doctors with their training illicitly, and some graverobbers wouldn't even bother to wait for a grave to fill up, and would simply go
murdering anyone they could get away with to have more bodies to sell the "men of healing". Supposedly, a mass murderer who had been selling his corpses to doctors was eventually caught when he sold a doctor the body of a friend he had actually met and talked to that same day.
Oh, and I think "anasthesia" for such treatments was more along the lines of a bottle of whiskey... which actually would probably act as an anti-coagulant, and make you more likely to bleed to death, so just suck it up you big whiner.