Gimme a D, Gimme an E, Gimme an N, I, A, L--
DEEEEENIAL!!
*waves pompoms*
Basically, people do *NOT* want to do anything that is HARDER than what they are currently doing. Only EASIER.
It does not get easier than just dumping your trash into an inconspicuous area. That's why people do it-- Taking it for proper disposal is harder, and "nnnnggg.... I could be watching sportsball or something..." They will go through fucking mental gymnastics, to justify any kind of bullshit rationale for not doing the harder, but objectively correct thing to do, so that they can then excuse themselves for doing the easier, but objectively wrong thing to do. (See for instance, all the people abusing the fuck out of the "intended for severe asthmatic people who really cannot wear a mask" rules, to claim that their privileged and pampered little asses don't have to wear one in public, despite a fucking lethal pandemic going on. This does not even get into the higher-order denialism that happens, where they convince themselves that this is overhyped, is just the flu, or some other piss poor mental bullshit they tell themselves so that they dont feel like they are killing innocent people with their laziness.)
Doubly so if there is a money opportunity cost associated with it. "Dumping it in an inconspicuous place is WAY CHEAPER than proper disposition! We saved %foo_Million_Dollars last year by dumping it into a sinkhole near a mountain ravine!"
Then there is the whole nationalistic WhatAbout-ism bullshit. "What about China, and THEIR emissions!! You should make THEM reduce THEIR emissions FIRST before you go after AMERICAN companies!" (which is of course, fully reciprocal.)
This is why you have to impose artificial penalties to protect the commons. There is no way around it. No, your lassaize-faire bullshit can go get shafted with a pineapple. You are not owed the maximal theoretical profit. END OF DISCUSSION.
Sadly, none of the world's leaders want to put their foot down like that, because it needs all of them to do it at the same time, otherwise the one(s) that does not, has a natural advantage economically. Prisoner's dilemma, and all that bullshit.
That's why I said it probably needs something as obscenely external and in-your-face as a fucking alien death ray aimed at the planet, highly visible in orbit. And maybe not even then, because "BUT MUH PROFITS!!"