Which episode is it?
Non sequitur, one of the voyager ones (and I'll admit I've not actually finished the episode, but I did read the plot summery after I stopped watching). I've been pretty disappointed with voyager in general. I watched them in order of TOS, TNG, DS9 and now Voyager. I thought ds9 was good, but I liked TNG better and was looking forward to another series like it. But voyager is really just.... Not very good. At almost anything. Which is too bad, it's got an interesting premise that COULD have made for a great show. But yeah... Nah.
Half the malfunctions of the holodeck come from the very obviously "GAN Deep learning AI" driven heuristic self-programming it does.
"Paris, 1910, along the Rhine" Is not terribly descriptive.
Which side of the Rhine? Do you want "right on the waterfront" or do you want to be on the street in a district that is on the waterfront?
The computer has to fill in all kinds of details, and the current best solution we have for this kind of thing is like what DeepMind does when you ask it about "Puppies".
Yeah, there's defiantly some AI it's weird how it can sometimes do so much, and sometimes do so little, always exactly as good or as bad as they need for the technobabble. For the holodecks case it's hard to tell how much of it it is making up on the fly, and how much of it it draws from it's vast library of stored programs made by humanoid artisans. When someone asks for "Paris, 1910, along the Rhine" it might be that all it needs to do is load up the program called "Paris, 1910, along the Rhine". Really hard to tell with most requests if it's just loading a program or doing some crazy AI thinking. Federation technology is extremely inconsistent from episode to episode as well, making it even harder to figure anything out, since not everything can really work so only some of it can be true....
Big question: what happens when someone stuck on a holodeck needs to poop? Does it turn into holopoop, or what?
Holodeck tech works both with illusions, plasma in force fields and such but also teleporter/replicator tech, so it can probably just dematerialize the poop and send it back to the nebulous space where dematerialized waste normally goes, probably back into energy to be used elsewhere.