No, Christianity splintered off Judaism since they Jews didn't believe that Jesus was legit, and Christians - obviously - did. Islam not so much split, but was inspired by both and traces its lineage to a certain secondary character in Old Testament, and believes Jesus to have been a prophet, but not a messiah.
Do you mean to imply Islam came after Christianity? Wow, I was kind of under the impression it was a lot older, but younger than Judaism. That is kind of a surprise.
Although it still begs the question, from where did Judaism come from? I know they are meant to be around long enough enough to be enslaved by the ancient Egyptians to build pyramids, but actual evidence for that is a little sketchy, and I'm not sure if they are referring to the faith, the race, or both. 'Jewish' can sometimes be a little ambiguous.
I really should catch up on some religious studies. It makes for a very interesting chunk of human history.
Yes, Islam is younger than Christianity by a couple of centuries, it was founded in VII-th century.
According to the Bible, it was pretty much a single guy, Abraham, with Jews as his descendants, somewhere in the ancient Mesopotamia, who got the idea that there is only one trve kvlt God (it's debatable if he believed the other people's gods were false, it's likely that Hebrews started out believing there are many gods, but they should only serve one, single best God there is).
Then he died, his son and grandsons due to drought where they lived ended up in Egypt and got enslaved, then were liberated by Moses. However, there is actually no evidence that Hebrews have ever lived in any sizeable population in Egypt, and a couple of things don't really seem to work like Bible says, so the whole march-through-desert thing might be wrong. Anyway, they did a bit of conquering and formed a state of Israel (and Judah), then they got conquered by Babylon and exiled there, which then got conquered by Persia, who was a bit softer on them, which then lost to Alexander the Great, and finally, got conquered by Rome.
Cue Jesus.
Later on, the Jews rebelled against Romans, which ended up with Romans wrecking their shit and exiling them from Israel.