Sapience is sorta fuzzy.
I just realized a horrible pun. It's a few science fiction books that focus almost entirely on the definitions and implications of sapience.
Antimatter is a type of matter, so it does not count.
Maybe.
Remember, anti-matter is just like normal matter except the charges are reversed. The (anti-)electron cloud has a positive charge instead of a negative charge, and the (anti-)protons have a negative charge instead of a positive charge. The neutrons are actually different as well, but it's a difference that may only be described with any accuracy in the language of math.
On the topic of conversation, it's good to
know that such confused opinions are still around, since I'll presumably have to deal with them antagonistically at some point.
Intelligence (
of any variety) exists in steps; you need a floating point integer (0.24, 24.98, 7.021, 90.1), not a boolean (1, 0), to begin quantifying these steps. We already have identified many signs that may suggest what relative numbers we could assign to each individual of each species.
One of those signs mentioned here was the individuals reaction to a mirror
(...), and whether or not they understand they perceive themselves and not another of their species. Humans tend to ~score high in this test; parakeets fail it almost every time.
Another sign of intelligence is the [MEMORY_LOST] test, where you are offered a choice of 3 doors (or cups) and told (truthfully) that behind one of them is a prize, behind the others, nothing. When you make a decision, the teller opens one of the other doors (picks up one of the cups) and asks you if you want to stick with your decision or switch to the other remaining door (cup). Humans tend to fail this test about 70% time, while pigeons tend to succeed about 60%. (I found this puzzle on the xkcd forums, found the research on it afterwards.)
In the above, what answer would you pick?
It is true I'm totally skipping the "morals" part of this discussion because those things are usually insane and a pain to quantify.