My attempts to create a new Imperial Han have been... mediocre at best.
After restarting about 10 times I finally had a start where I didn't get roflstomped by one of a million things that can roflstomp a completely alien culture with an alien religion surrounded by behemoths. And if it isn't an invasion from Tibet or the Khagans or frigging China itself then it's one of a million adventurers who decides to stomp me into the ground.
The biggest problem was trying to create a duchy because I was stuck with gavelkind for a good long while. If I didn't get an independent duchy, my lands would constantly be split up and I'd have to reconquer them. The issue with that is that in this area of the world, all the duchies are located horribly. Everyone owns half of every duchy. This made starting out under the Western Protecterate impossible, as there were no viable duchies to form in that area whatsoever. Nor would you even want to do this, as if you ever rebel against the western Protectorate, China will send reinforcements of like 10,000 men. So I had to start next to Tibet as a count under some dumbass duke there.
That failed quite a few times until one run where the duke got consumed by Tibet, making us all Tibetian. This gave me a great start as now I was much, much safer to slowly expand. After a few decades of growth, I usurped the duchy from my idiot liege. A bit after that I declared independence from Tibet alongside a bunch of other schmucks. One nice side benefit of being Han and Taoist is that you get a really steady stream of Imperial Grace with the Chinese Emperor. So I could continuously rope his help along the way. Nothing overpowered. Just stuff like nice artifacts and super generals and so on.
A few decades after that, I was an independent duchy north of Tibet, sandwiched between all the superpowers of the area. The nomads to the north, the Tibetian empire to the South, the Muslim nomads to the left, and the Chinese to the right. You'd think my best friends would be the Chinese, but they were the first to want to get a go of my newly formed duchy. They demanded me to be a tributary, but there's no way I could accept as it would mean 50% of my income would go to them and a huge chunk of my manpower. It's awful. So I had to fight.
It was 12,000 men vs my 6000. I thought I was boned but I had no choice. I put all my troops at a chokepoint with a minor river and hoped for the best. The Chinese crossbows obliterated around 1/2 my army but when it came to actual blows, we actually pulled off a miraculous win. I guess those super generals the Chinese lent me made the defining difference. The Chinese were humiliated and we basically established ourselves as a new superpower in the area. They also had to pay me 1000 gold, which helped a ton.
Now we're a small Kingdom around this stupid desert. China hasn't been able to do anything from almost 50 years now because of a famine so I've been using this opportunity to fight with Tibet. It hasn't been going well for me. I was hoping Tibet would concentrate on their holy war with India for me to land grab the rest of my de jure kingdom, but they decided to abandon their holy war and move all their troops up north to fight me. We've been fighting for over 15 years now and no progress really has been made. The only reason I'm still in the fight is because basically all my land is on the Silk Road, so I get buttloads of money.
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Here's a map of what the area looks like:
As you can see, I'm a poor little bloke surrounded by giant blobs.