So I've got a pretty sweet starting location. It's a bald patch of obsidian in the southeast corner, surrounded by thick forest on mostly flat land. Two z-levels down, the magma pipe sits, waiting to be tapped. A two-level tall bump of obsidian -- perhaps a cooled volcano? -- juts out of the ground. Naturally my dwarves dug right in, laying down a wide channel and carving the obsidian blemish into a gorgeous bunker with fortifications overlooking the sunken channel. I've gone deep enough that I'm building a territorial wall of alunite nearby to keep the immediate surroundings safe...
My problem is the ambushes. Holy Armok, the ambushes! Three or four ambushes every year: elves on unicorns and horses, goblins with elvish weaponmasters leading the charge, kobold and goblin thieves trying to sneak in amidst the confusion... it's nuts. It's the fourth year now and I've got my operations pretty streamlined: I almost always have archers in the bunker, and I've got swordsmen/wrestlers waiting in the wings inside the trap chute. But I'm starting to feel like the US forces in Vietnam.
AMBUSH! Peasant who was hauling bloody GCS clothes from the traps discovers that he is cut off from the bunker and runs around aimlessly... he dies. My archers decimate the enemies, who are routed and flee through obsidian sword traps, where there bodies are finely minced. Hooray! Our kill ratio is a fantastic 30:1, and we all celebrate. Except for Urist McRedshirt's buddies, who are demoralized by the constant poaching. Now, other than that, life in the Green Zone is lovely. We've got great R&R (rooftop statue garden with a view, epic dining hall, obsidian furniture everywhere, delicious roasts, surfing, Playmates helicoptered in for a stage show, etc.) so it's not too bad, but I'm beginning to worry about the inevitable day when Urist McPopular is the canary outside the coal mine during the initial strike. The troops are going to take it pretty hard, and I worry about tantrum spirals. We need to gather up the GCS clothes to sustain our conspicuous consumption lifestyle, but one of my engravers recently carved "NO BLOOD FOR GOLDEN SALVE" in a hallway.
In short: what tactics can I adopt that give my dwarves the liberty to walk about on the surface without having to sacrifice a dwarf every time I get ambushed? Can I force civilians to wear (elf-bone) armor and carry a (formerly goblin-owned) iron buckler? Can I give the ambushed dwarf orders to flee somehow? Help me out of this all-too-familiar situation!