Okay, I couldn't be bothered to read most of this thread. And I still want to voice my own opinions. Whatever.
Anyways, this could be cool if properly extended in the proper dwarf fortress fashion of unnecessary complexity. Rather than just apply current western gender roles into dwarves, give each culture their own. Matriarchal amazon civs. Ancient Greece-style with women as property and pederasty. Polygamy, monogamy, agamy, everything. And it could affect diplomacy in diverse ways, in the same way gods do.
I expect race would have something to do what kind of system the civ would be prone to adopt. It's easier to preach gender equality if the genders actually are mostly equal.
Which brings me neatly to my next point, physical differences. I think dwarves should probably be exempt. In most fantasy portrayals (most of which are at least partially ripped off from Tolkien) dwarf females are mostly identical to males. Short with long beards.
As for the other fantastic races, I'm not quite as sure. Elves are usually inherently superior to everyone else in every way (They are! just ask them!), but how that would affect gender roles is beyond me. And I have no idea how goblins and kobolds would work.
And I don't think we should go crazy limiting humans either. I guess men are statistically a bit stronger than women, but only statistically. That doesn't meant that all men would be stronger than all women, or that a randomly chosen man would be stronger than a randomly chosen woman. Especially since the current stat system (and most proposals for future stat systems I have seen) is a bit limited for that. And then there's the whole sexism=bad thingy.
Maybe let culture pick applicaple professions for each sex, and let professions give modifiers to default stats. Farmers and blacksmiths generally have to be strong, whereas prostitutes and nobles don't.
Also, culture specific names, with possible further segregation between genders and social classes.
Also, also, culture specific clothing. And architecture. And everything.
(edit)
And the animal people would follow their own messed-up rules. Hermaphodite snailmen (visualize THAT!). And as for antmen, I think I'll just link the
relevant section of the wikipedia article and leave it at that.