It's very rare that that sort of thing would happen, and if it does, they're usually the other sort of night creature, vampires. But. If it had happened to me:
I keep a lot of doors in my fort, from every room, through every hallway, and hatches on all the staircases. I would have paused, and started locking doors all over the sodding place. Werebeasts CAN break through doors, but in my experience, only very rarely do break through them, and a room with a door, and a hallway with a door at the other end, tends to be enough to lock to prevent them from going and rampaging throughout the place.
All dorfs who were locked in with him are suspect. Dispose of them in a drowning chamber, or room them somewhere permanently, and wall over the locked door. If you don't use burrows (I don't) designate some deep tomb as the only "hospital", and when all injured are in there, lock the door to the tomb, then wall over it. End of problem. If they don't transform in a month, unwall them. But they invariably do. The survivor of the resultant werebattle, if you didn't room them seperately, will live forever in this tomb.
Then wait, making a nice selection of coffins and slabs for those who didn't make it. Migration will eventually heal the hole in the fort population. I've been reduced to three dorfs, at one point, and a few years later, I'm back to 70, despite the danger.