Also note that any "commitments" made for years after 2023 are dust in the wind. Putting binding agreements on future budgets is something you just can't do.
This is... not true? At least, not if I'm understanding you right. Back in 2011 the budget control act amendments they passed included statutory caps on the next decade of discretionary and mandatory spending, enforced by 'sequestration'. Basically, if the federal government (generally congress through appropriations) went over then it ('it' being the executive branch here) was required to implement a percentage-based, across-the-board cut to all spending in order to get back down to the cap.
In practice most of the years Republicans and Democrats renegotiated slightly higher margins a handful of years at a time, largely driven by the fact that there were separate caps to Defense and Nondefense spending, and Republicans wanted more defense spending enough to acquiesce to greater nondefense spending. Budget growth in this period was overall tighter than usual, and sequestration actually did hit in FY2013.
Going past the deadline won't lead immediately to default but to debt prioritization and economic harm. Some analysist think that Republicans are less concerned about such eventually than Democrats and thus there is more pressure on Democrats to compromise.
The issue (well, one issue) is that it's as much about the appearance of governance as it is about actually paying the bills. Even if the government keeps paying debtors after crossing the line, if it's doing this by making massive cuts/furloughs to its general operations that doesn't exactly give debt holders a vote of confidence about current or future debt. Back in 2011 one of the credit raters downgraded US debt even after congress passed the bill, because of how much of an excrement show it was. (This is setting aside how problematic the credit rating groups are, of course.)
Anyways, as to predictions about how this will pan out the general intel is that Dems have significantly caved to Republican demands enough for McCarthy to show the bulk of his caucus that he got them 'a win' and can claim that he cut funding to government services. Timing is tight, but not too tight to get it wrapped up next week. Still a little unclear whether that'll preserve his speakership, which is the only thing he
really cares about, but thanks in part to the White House botching most of this for the last... 10 months? he's on the cusp of scoring a victory here.