kibbutzim are definitely an interesting era: there are a bunch of idealistic outcomes and some not-so-idealistic outcomes. Some outcomes go against the "PC message" of the kibbutzim, and I've seen incidents where, for the outcomes that the person promoting the kibbutzim didn't like the outcomes they go "that outcome happened
despite the kibbutzim, not because of it" which seems like putting the cart before the horse: whoever that was has a pre-conceived notion about what the kibbutzim's choice "should" cause, and any evidence that flies in the face of that must be
despite it, not
because of it.
What I'm mainly talking about here is that the kibbutz children ended up with more-pronounced gender role identification than non-kibbutz children. This is then brushed off with "but those were residual gender roles that weren't fully eliminated by the kibbutzim system" except that doesn't really explain
anything since the point is that they are said to be
more pronounced than non-kibbutz children. However ... this outcome
also fits in with the statistical evidence that in nations lauded for gender equality, women are
less likely to pick college majors in STEM rather than
more likely. Again, this result is brushed off with "but more gender-equal nations haven't 'fully' eliminated gender roles". Which again is missing the entire point: nobody is making the point that
men in gender-equal nations pick STEM more often than women, they're making the point that
women in highly gender-equal nations pick "male" professions less often than women in less-equal societies. Turkey, Algeria and Tunisia lead the pack for female STEM graduates, at 35-40%. Meanwhile, Finland and Norway lag at only 20% "despite" topping the metrics for gender equality. Like the evidence from "gender equal" kibbutzim apparently leading to less-equal outcomes, it's an important paradox to unravel, not a pesky fly in the ointment to be denied with one-liners.
I guess the message I'd say is important here is that getting some things we want might be actively contradictory to other things we want, so people need to be more flexible about these rigid ideologies of all stripes. There are a number of these ones that affect liberal ideas (EDIT: and let me point out if someone says "but why don't you apply the same level of analysis to conservative ideas?" - the answer is "sure, except I know very little about conservative ideas since I don't read any of their literature"). for example, nations which offer more parental leave tend to have higher gender wage gaps*. while nations with more gender-equal opportunity (and people who grew up in kibbutzim) tend to have a bigger split in male/female occupational segregation. And, as additional support for the positive effect of male role-models, counties with a higher percentage of men tend to have
less male violence and sexual violence, instead of the
more violence one might assume. Things be complex yo, and some things we do might have the opposite effect as intended: removing men from a community would presumably reduce "toxic masculinity" / and "the patriarchy", but the actual evidence seems to suggest
the opposite is true. <= maybe we can debate the reasons this is true, but any comprehensive world-view on gender relations must in fact accommodate all the data, not deny it.
EDIT * This isn't a reason, obviously, to not introduce paid maternity leave, but it is an indication to have a more open mind about the (basically meaningless) wage-gap statistic. It's self-evidently better to
give more options to women by providing them with paid maternity leave
as a choice than it is to limit their choices in the goal of "fixing" some arbitrary statistic. This article for example cites all the reasons for the wage-gap
other than "women actually want to spend quality time with their children rather than chasing another buck":
https://www.forbes.com/sites/tanyatarr/2018/11/30/how-this-study-misses-the-mark-on-equal-pay-and-the-pay-gap/#49c78a7942c1While this Danish study shows that the same gender gap as the USA persists for women who have a child in a nation giving 1 years paid leave as it does in the USA:
https://www.vox.com/2018/2/19/17018380/gender-wage-gap-childcare-penaltyWhile this article cites research showing that nations with generous maternity leave schemes have generally higher wage gaps:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2015/08/21/paid-maternity-leave-would-increase-the-gender-pay-gap/#7407a58d34afPaid parental leave will do many good things, however "fixing the wage gap" is a pie-in-the-sky promise that the choice of paid parental leave will
not fix - unless you specifically allot leave to father's only.
Another thing: if you care about gender pay gaps, then you should
only support paid parental leave if it's in the form of a government-controlled insurance scheme / payroll tax sort of thing. If you force employers to foot the bill for paid leave, you'll effectively
punish companies economically for the choice to hire women, which will increase the pay disparities between female-dominated and male-dominated industries. Avoid any sort of logic that forces employers to jump through more hoops if they do in fact employ women: that can only make the pay gap worse. As an analogy, imagine a law that said if you hire a black person, then every three years you have to roll a die and if it rolls a "6", you have to buy them a new car and offer them up to a year off work, and they can do this up to three times. Well, people might say that it's racist to avoid hiring black people because of this law because it's is only
possible to have to pay out on the new car and the holiday, not certain. So, companies don't want to be racist, so they pretend it's not a thing while hiring. ("free cars for the black guy" is only
correlated with race, not caused by it - I say that because I've heard the same argument about women and parental leave - hiring managers should pretend it doesn't exist, because taking long leave breaks is only
correlated with gender, not caused by it). However ... what happens to a company which hires a lot of black people? In the long-term, it's every other worker who is paying for the new cars, not the "company". This is effectively the economic situation when governments mandate that companies must foot the bill directly to pay for maternity leave: it disproportionately pushes the costs onto female-dominated industries as a whole. The women who get the leave obviously still benefit: the victims here are women in those companies who choose not to have kids: they're indirectly subsidizing other women's leave.