So... How do you fix this problem without going full gulag
My strategy would be:
First: Classify every incoming dollar as income, regardless of source. This means that bonuses, investment profit, stock dividends, and everything else of that sort would be identical to salary.
- This will eliminate a lot of the dodges used to avoid or reduce tax rates
Second: Raise the uppermost tax brackets to Eisenhower levels (inflation adjusted, this would top out an income bracket of $1.7 million with a 91% tax rate).
- This would drastically increase government income, allowing the government to actually pay for much needed educational, infrastructure, and safety net programs.
Third: Amend minimum wage laws to require that the highest compensation level in any company must be no more than 500%-600% of the lowest (possibly with allowances for increasing the gap for very large companies).
- This would force employers to either pay their employees a decent wage, or take a significant personal income hit. This also ties into the first step above, as they wouldn't be able to hide their own income as bonuses to avoid the hit.
Fourth: Require that every person employed in the United States has an employment contract. Ban at-will hiring, temp services, and close the "independent contractor" loophole.
- This will prevent a lot of employment discrimination, and put a stake through the heart of the too-common practice of keeping turnover extremely high.
Fifth: Scale ALL fines, court awards, and similar penalties to the income of the punished party.
- This will ensure that nobody will ever be able to take the "Eh, if anybody ever calls us on this we'll just pay the fine and blacklist them." option.