Did you have a specific question?
Dwarf Fortress (like many -if not most games) aren't designed in such a way so that they can fully utilize the way CPUs have been evolving, which is more cores rather than just faster and faster single cores. I think I read somewhere some work has been done to rectify that, but it'll probably be a slow process. From what I read the techniques required to enable multithreading and such is quite difficult and time consuming and makes it easier to break other parts of the program when changing and adding new parts.
It's getting more common, but it'll probably be some time before it seems commonplace. I think even AAA games with huge teams and tons of money don't fully utilize it, but do to some point. Most of the game will still run on one core, but other things like AI, sound, background simulation, texture loading and so on can be placed on the other cores so the main core can focus more on what the viewer sees and so forth.
As a casually informed noob on the subject that is the best I can explain it.
If I recall..
Better speed in Dwarf Fortress seems to need:
Powerful single cores - a single 3Ghz core is better for it than 4 2.66Ghz cores, since it'll largely just use one. Larger and faster cache on-board the CPU helps too.
Fast RAM, with low latency.
Maybe a SSD drive and a video card with fast 2d drawing?