Nearly have enough science capacity to grab Nuclear Fission, so it looks like I'll be able to send my first space mission by this evening.
Build enough oil wells to have 55,000 cap. You'll need it later, and if you're not prepared for it the steel requirements can potentially add a day or two.
1% price ratio drop, and probably Diplomacy; is there anything else I should shoot for?
Cost reductions are awesome. Diplomacy is very helpful, as access to griffons on year 2 can completely eliminate the early game iron shortage. Don't rush to get Megalomania or unicorn stuff. It will be some time before you can make any use of them. Like, a
long time. Chronomancy sounds good on paper and isn't terribly expensive, but I can't tell the difference for having it.
how are price ratio reductions calculated? For example, for Huts
It's been over a month since I did the math, but the way I remember it working:
Cost multipliers are used to determine the cost of each additional building of any given type
after the first. For each additional, you simply multiply the cost of the previous by the multiplier. Cost reductions are applied
multipicatively to the
modifier before it as applied to the cost
This means that all the cost reductions in the world won't reduce the cost of the first building you buy, the reductions will be very small for the first few, and they will quickly multiplicatively stack to become very significant. You've seen the way hut prices shrink when you buy hut upgrades. That's the sort of effect you'll see, but you won't notice it until you have a lot of buildings of any given type.
For example, hut price ratio, as you point out, is 2.5
Hut 1 costs 5 wood
Hut 2 costs 12.5
Hut 3 costs 31.25
...
Hut 10 costs ~19070
Metaphysics Engineering reduces the 2.5 multiplier by 1%, so 2.5 becomes 2.475
Hut 1 costs 5
Hut 2 costs 12.375
Hut 3 costs 30.628
...
Hut 10 costs ~17420
Additional cost reductions are also applied multiplicatively with each other and with workshop upgrades. This results in diminishing returns, but each additional metaphysics upgrade is bigger than the last, and the effects stack very nicely.
All metaphyiscs upgraes together results in a multiplier reduction of (.99 * .98382 * .983 * .98 * .9775) ~ .917. 2.5 * .917 = 2.2925
Hut 1 costs 5
Hut 2 costs 11.46
Hut 3 costs 26.27
...
Hut 10 costs ~8740
Hut 2 costs only about 8% less. Hut 10 costs 55% less.
This is significant not only for the actual cost reduction itself, but for the fact that it means you can build a lot more buildings before reaching your storage cap.