The Gaians live in harmony with Planet, but they don't truly understand what it means, they're just trying not to fuck up again like with Earth. Only in the late tech quotes does Deidre start to understand the nature of transcendence, while Yang is unknowingly aiming for almost exactly that form of society from the start, where one is one's self but also strengthens the whole.
The Gaians may not understand what it means, but certainly Lady Deidre Skye does. And she is guiding the Gaians towards that final goal, from the start she is the one who makes headways into psionic warfare, mindworm-human communication, planet-human communication, social engineering for psionic hippytopia, detachment from materialism to the point of nudism etc.
I think the thing that separates Yang from Deidre is that Deidre's transcendence goal requires Planet. Yang guides his faction to it regardless of Planet.
What do I care for your suffering? Pain, even agony, is no more than information before the senses, data fed to the computer of the mind. The lesson is simple: you have received the information, now act on it. Take control of the input and you shall become master of the output.
It's up for interpretation like most things in AC and especially regarding Yang, but I consider "now act on it" and telling them to master the output as encouraging rebellion, in the sense that it is necessary for their enlightenment of purpose. He's daring them to become like him, I suspect Yang is the type to wryly respect those who defy him even as he moves to have them nerve stapled and recycled. This is yet another instance of how the Hive is a weird synthesis of individualist and collectivist thought, rather than just the dictatorship it often appears as.
I always thought this was much more to do with self-mastery, reminding his faction's pops that pain and agony is just another sensation altogether. Mind and matter, mind can win over matter - especially in light of his later essays where he says that enlightenment is not won through force of strength, but force of willpower. He is cultivating in his people the willpower needed to transcend the biological impulses and limitations inherent in human nature, the nature of being both nothing more than chemical processes, and the nature of being life. Couple that with the video accompanying the quote where a man is suspended with sinister spikes whirling around him, he calms, mastering his sensory input - his narrow chamber becomes an endless sky. Acting on it never once meant to me a message of rebellion, rather, a message of mastering the information output in the mind responding to the information input from the senses. The senses register pain and agony, how the mind responds is up to you. It helps that before I heard his quote I read some scientific journals regarding the curious ways pain works. If you stub your toe and you swear, this helps you to cope with pain. If you respond to your pain in such a way that you think more on the pain, the effect of the pain is magnified. If you focus on your task regardless of pain, you can push your body to breaking point in order to achieve a task - and in Yang's world, push it beyond breaking point.
You first play the game, and everybody's all about Zhakarov and Lal or maybe Morgan for conventional understandings of science, humanity, and prosperity. Then you realize Deidre is right because of transcendence. Then you realize Miriam is right because this is the end of anything recognizable as humanity even if you don't transcend. And then finally, you realize Yang of all people had the clearest understanding all along.
I think it's ambiguous who was right in the end, certainly Deidre wins but who was right? Who knows
I do like though that for so many the experience is the same. The moral inversion, who quickly you change your views on characters... Snap! Like that. Miriam "we must dissent" Godwinson and Deidre "our secret war" Skye always gets me.
Complaining about derails is worse than derails also haha what game OOOOWEEOOOOOOOOO~
I think it's useful comparing an old game that managed to properly diversify a handful of factions better than Stellaris which can have so many different civilizations all blend into one starmap of dominions, federations, kingdoms, core worlds and cereal bowls of blandness