Sorry about the wait, life can be like that sometimes.
Lyrian
You have attempted to find a material that could be used to better protect your balloons. For this you have turned to the chemists. Out of the vat of an oven comes a sort of silly putty. After a while it hardens. Congratulations, you have discovered plastic.
On your airship/balloons, you have place a few Gatling guns to fire down with.
You have improved the steam engine. It works REALLY well now. There still exists that chance of explosion, but it is much less of a problem.
Low Countries
A new form of tractor is created. Your people have put some wheels on it, but that tends to tip over on rough terrain. They've decided to add multiple wheels and a tread to give it more stability. It works, but still kind of unstable and prone to breakdowns. Also quite slow, slower than infantry at least.
Two new naval inventions are created. First is the steam propelled water torpedo, and the 80 mm cannon. The 80 mm cannon does fit on the basic submarine you have, and those submarines are given the new torpedoes. The design is changed to accommodate this.
There is an attempt to start an airship business. This does not go over well, because airships are quite big and slow. A squadron of airships is created for scouting purposes though.
Nev
As a note, anarchists have popped up in the east. Your scouts are beginning to find that the people out east are quite hostile to your situation.
Yeah. Your second mobilization is not going as planned. You have no more men to conscript after this, and industry is suffering a bunch. Your army is out stripping the amount of supplies created. Your soldiers are VERY unhappy. See WW1, but much MUCH worse.
You give some soldiers the opportunity to stay home as a police force. Order is maintained that way, even though everyone is starving.
Also as a note, you cannot do number three. To put it in perspective, the factories are EMPTY. Entire villages empty. In areas where people are concentrated most, the cities, people are starving. They were starving, but this is a different kind of starving. They literally have to eat rats to survive.
Good luck surviving the next turn.
Italy
Refineries make refined oil.
You have reverse engineered some refined fuel engines. I'm going to say that this is common tech now.
Using phone signals and other electronic phenomena to detect things from far away was attempted, the resulting theory was useful, but not very practical. A new form of wave was discovered, named "radio waves".
Rordalia
Public ownership of the economy was granted. Now people are allowed to "sell" their money to bigger corporations for them to use in a loan type fashion. It is more to help newer companies, but for now, only the bigger companies profit. The national bank is founded, and through the national bank are the "stocks" purchased or sold.
A war academy is founded to teach newer warfare. Sadly, not much is known about modern warfare, but people are coming up with ideas. You should probably direct them to some kind of practical strategic development.
An army is shipped to Nostrus. Your ships encounter some resistance, old early 19th century wooden ships. The ships cannot harm your modern iron clad navy of small gunships, and thus your ships literally go right through them. Some of the bigger ones manage to dent your ships, but no real damage. Your ships use their cannons to rip through the enemy galleons, and man of wars. Some get into Gatling gun range, and they de-crew entire ships. It is a spectacle to behold, and this officially ends the age of sails.
The transport fleet moves about 10000 men onto the Island, making an army 12000 man strong.