"Hi, I'm Urist McClure. You may remember me from such Dwarven Child Care classics as Searingmines: The Boarding School, Questmountain: The Return of the Boarding School, Moonpalace: The Boarding School Strikes Back and of course Copperfell: Boarding School the Electric Boogaloo."
Sorry about the rather heavy necro, but inspired by the "Dwarven !!SCIENCE!! Think Tank" thread I thought to post some later advances in Child CareTM, in case someone is still interested in betterment of dwarfkind.
Since maxing dwarves' skills and attributes early in life has been found to be generally a good thing, I've been doing a light version of the Boarding School in all of my forts. After the "limb twisting and armor shredding" update in .43.04 turned danger rooms into meat grinders, I've concentrated on training just unarmed fighting skills and swimming; even those give a nice boost for a child's adult life.
Because of this the Boarding School in my current fort, Swordheart, is a rather simple affair: just a room with various openings in the ceiling. These openings can, without warning, fill the room with either captured monsters or 4/7 water, depending on the whim of the unseen mysterious school master. Every day is an adventure in the life of a Boarding School student!
Water for swimming lessons is drawn from a nearby cavern lake and collected into a reservoir above the training room. When a retracting bridge splashes the mass of 7/7 water downstairs, it equalizes into safe-for swimming 4/7 water. When the students have had enough swimming lessons, water is drained off map via another tunnel. Students can reach Legendary Swimmer quite quickly, but they do need supervising since apparently a dwarf can dehydrate and die of thirst while neck deep in water.
Monster mashing happens in the same room; through a guest lecturer drop chute the students are introduced to various captured cavern critters starting from crundles and gradually advancing to Blind Cave Ogres and worse. Another variation of the unarmed training room was to have all the mashing happen in a special room downstairs, where the students would be unexpectedly dropped from their usual luxurious lodgings through a retracting bridge. If the lessons get too hot to handle, the old proven emergency flushing mechanism can be used to dump everyone into a room full of cage traps below.
This method of training has been quite successful, providing students with Legendary unarmed skills, kill lists as long as their arms and some very, very impressive scarring.
All in all, there isn't any heavy science happening, I'm just encouraging a healthy lifestyle of exercise in dwarven youth. It really pays off later in life.