When I was buying a desktop logical increments was a really great information source and I'm wondering if anything like that exists for laptop purposes. I'm just looking for a cheap laptop that can handle netflix or compiling simple code. I'm worried that I'll buy a POS that will die in a few months and leave me out 300 bucks. So is there anywhere with good information of what to look for in a laptop on a component by component basis? Or even better, any guides to buying components to build a laptop on the cheap?
One does not simply "pick a laptop".
More seriously, we need to know a bit more what you're planning on using it for. Also, $300 is a bit cheap for a laptop of any caliber whatsoever, unless you're looking at getting a used one (which I wouldn't recommend). Annnndddd on that note - I wouldn't recommend you build your own. If you're asking about components and such, you probably don't need to be building your own. I applaud your initiative and give you a thumbs-up, but I'm gathering it's not something you can feel confident in. I wouldn't suggest any particular components for that very reason - I'm just a random person on the Internet (who is appalled that nobody answered this thread yet).
If you want a good laptop, you'll wind up paying more, regardless of the model. Some models are prone to breaking. Some companies are prone to making models that are prone to breaking. My advice: RESEARCH. EVERYTHING. Do NOT buy until you thoroughly research both the model, and the company that made it. Keep a smart phone handy if you need to, or someone you trust (who's good with computers) on a phone call, who can look stuff up for you. If something's screwy about the model you're looking at, it's very likely (unless it's very new) that somebody will have complained about it online.
For Netflix and compiling simple code, 2.0 Ghz of processing power should be just fine, maybe less if you want, but I wouldn't dip too far below that, just because. You don't need a whole lot of memory, but I would suggest 4 GB of RAM at the least... just because sometimes it helps. (It's been a bit since I went computer shopping, and I wouldn't be at all surprised if these things were bottom-tier now.) I wouldn't suggest you get a netbook or chromebook of any type, because those really
are "POS". You don't sound like you need anything quadcore, so if you want to skimp and go dual core, perfectly fine. And a graphics card? You can skimp safely in that area. You don't even really need a CD/DVD drive if netflix and coding is all you're doing - but it's safe to get it anyway.
Like you said, you want it to last. It only makes sense to buy one that can last not only wear and tear, but the times. Buy fresh. If you like Linux, get Linux. If you like Mac, get Mac. If you like Windows, get Windows, with the following exceptions:
Gaming? Get Windows.
Coding and little else? Get Linux. Emulators are a pain. So is Linux if you're not a programmer.
New to computers and not sure what to do? (I don't think you are.) Get a Mac. Macs are also good with the graphics department... which I think you're okay with.
Anything else is Windows. Windows 8 is actually pretty good, but you'll need to make some modifications to your system before it's really, really worth it. It's all simple stuff.
I would aim for something that costs $400 at the minimum - not $300. $600 means you get a good buy that'll last you a decent number of years without becoming obsolete. (This is assuming we're talking US currency. For Canada, $425 minimum. For the UK, that's about £235.)
As to places with good information... Google is your friend. Or, if Google offends you, just use the search engine of your choice.
So, here ya go, Mainiac. I didn't know of a guide I could link you to, so I wrote up a quick one myself. Hope it helps a bit.