for food and clothing and booze:
1) Overproduce everything to make sure processing jobs don't ever cancel. But now you have to make sure items don't build up either, so:
2) Have all the overproduce go into two separate giant stockpiles per commodity.
3) Set up an aquifer or river fed type system to be able to flood the stockpiles individually, in a slow fashion that will force dwarves out of the room when desired.
4) Also build huge raising bridges covering the whole stockpile on each one.
5) Set up an empty minecart route with "push every 4 days" in each direction, and rig pressure plates on either end such that first, a room will fill with water, encouraging all dwarves to safety, then the flow turns off and the bridge atom smashes everything in that room and stockpile. The bridge then raises again and opens the room for commodities. The other room will remain open this whole time. It has the same thing happen when the cart is pushed to the OTHER side.
Thus, at any given moment, there's always a stockpile with a decent amount of stuff in it, BUT the total amount of stuff never goes up too high, because each room is completely purged every 8 days.
For food and clothing, this should work as is with no further consideration.
For booze, what you'll want to do is to have the raw ingredients on overflow/bridgesmash system, but the actual amount of booze made to be maybe 1/3 LESS that what your fortress needs (you need enough dwarves that one still running 24/7 is a bit less than what your fort needs). Then give them a well too. This ensures nobody dies of thirst, but also ensures you never fill up too much booze and run out of barrels, because each one is always drunk immediately after brewing, freeing up the barrel again. And 2/3 booze rations is still plenty to maintain like 95% efficiency forever.
You would indeed need to pause every 100ish years to assign new labors to peasants and to place some more coffins (although note that glass coffins can be manufactured automatically forever, just not placed and set to be available). If we had options for "born into your family's labor caste" and for mass graves or cremation or something, then I think you'd be able to let it run indefinitely.