LeoLeonardo, a bunch of countries in Europe were opposed to the PDO scheme and basically forced into it, and the US Treaty-writers basically have permission to create US laws without legislative action which is, like, SUPER DUMB, but something to keep in mind since they've made it perfectly care they don't care about running roughshod over American law so long as they get to make their favoured American companies more money in another market in return somehow.
Can you explain this more clearly? It sounds like you're saying the US (executive branch writes treaties and the Senate ratifies them) makes treaties with EU which affect how US businesses can operate in the EU?
It feels like on one hand, any businesses operating in the EU need to conform to EU law and of course anything under that: national, local, etc. If it's already established that it's illegal to sell cheese not made in Parma as Parmesan, I don't see why it matters whether that cheese was made in Spain or the US.
That said, is it right to enforce what amounts to a trademark when there probably wasn't a trademark application nor any legal enforcement of trademark? Is it right to perform a governmental taking from other cheese manufacturers when there is no real claim to ownership on the other side? Is the EU perhaps interested in pursuing this because it believes it would result in a beneficial trade outcome for their member countries, and would be uninterested in the ethical considerations if the financial outcome were detrimental for them?
Is there actually a significant difference between Parmesan Cheese made in Parma or Wisconsin? That is, is the consumer being protected against fraud thinking that a low-quality cheese is actually a high-quality cheese? That is, while you can find low-quality cheese from Wisconsin, I'm sure you can find similarly low-quality cheese from Parma, and ditto for cheese of high quality from both places. Even the connoisseur is frequently fooled by blind taste-tests of cheap wine or "bottled waters" all coming from a hose outside.
Secondarily, even if the Parma cheese is really that much better, if the US customer expects a certain texture and flavor from Parmesan cheese he normally buys, can he be said to be deceived if his entire experience is that Wisconsin-produced cheese? He may in fact be unpleasantly surprised at the flavor or texture of cheese from Parma.