If we cannot trust our perceptions of reality to begin with, how can we determine that our perception of having a "soul" are real?
"Soul" is an interpretation. Which is why you and I both keep putting the word in quotes and why I keep talking about consciousness. Provided that you and I mean the same thing by the word, to be conscious...to be aware...if one is aware of their own awareness, I don't see much room for "misinterpretation" there.
Are you having an experience right now? Are you perceiving? Set aside the "what" you are or aren't perceiving, and set aside interpretations of what it is and what it means...are you observing? Are you perceiving? Are you experiencing?
If the answer is yes, then the answer is yes.
As you say, I cannot know whether the particular interpretation of my experience to say that I have a physical body...I can't know whether that interpretation is correct. My senses could be feeding e incorrect information. I could be misinterpreting the information I am receiving.
But the fact of
having an experience is a fundamental. In my case, I assert that I am having an experience. I am having perception. I am conscious. You, reading me making that claim, might not be able to validate it because you are simply experiencing an experience that you interpret to be someone asserting that they're conscious. A robot could also make that claim. Or you could be in the matrix being fed an artificial experience. But, if you are
having that experience, then you too, presumably, should be able to be aware of having that experience, and are therefore conscious.
robot.
It says it has one. We built it. We know every diode, every circuit, every line of code.
Does it have one?
I'm not in a position to be able to know. I can only speak to my own consciousness, because my own awareness is the only awareness that I'm aware of.
How can we trust any sensory input we have?
How can we possibly ascertain what is and is not actually real?
I don't believe we can. I
Correct. But if you're
having sensory input, if you're
experiencing sensation...than for our purposes it doesn't really matter whether anything you're experiencing is an accurate representation of anything, whether you're a brain in a box, or software running on a computer. If you are conscious, then you are conscious.
And incidentally, I would define "reality" as "that which is experienced." Because no other interpretation really makes any sense without making assumptions, like for example that an objective "outside world" even exists. Like you point out, we can't know whether there is or isn't an objective world outside our experience. But we
can definitely know if we're having an experience.