Also incredibly useful for conlanging is this page:
http://zompist.com/kit.html (which happens to state what Nahari said: start with sounds)
With regard to the missing articles, I personally don't count them out just because they don't yet exist. It seems to me that "The" and "Of" just happen to be omitted from names because the structuring of names is completely regular.
It would be very nice to create different forms for words. I suspect they're absent simply because it was never fully necessary for making the names work. But I'd sure like to see a difference between death the noun, die the present tense, and died the past tense. (Just making stuff up here, "naråsh", "råsh", and "rash" instead of råsh for all those words.)
Also nice would be avoiding a mirror image of English's lexicon. We could separate the meaning of "that" like in French, as a simple example.
English: "I enjoyed
that." and "We know the method
that will let us win."
French: "J'ai aimé
ça." and "Nous savons le mode
que laissera-nous gagner." (apologies for any possible French language mistakes, natives of the language)
We could also combine meanings that are represented by different words in English. My point here is that the Dwarven-to-English and vice-versa dictionaries shouldn't have easy lives
.
Also, here's a list of all the letters used in language_DWARF.txt for the language, unless my quick one-liner ate some of the characters by accident (shouldn't've):
a b c d e f g h i k l m n o r s t u v z à á â ä å è é ê ë ì í î ï ò ó ô ö ù ú û
Maybe later I'll write up a quick table of how I think the diacritical letters are supposed to be pronounced, based on both how I read them and what European languages tend to say.
Keep in mind that diacritics don't necessarily have to change sound; in some languages they indicate grammar changes instead. (Such as the diaeresis in French and old English, where it forces syllable separation: co-operation would've once been spelled coöperation.)