Phew, derail successfuly completed. That is to say, that 4X game sounds interesting. And like a lot of background-work in the creation department, unless racial differences boil down to boni in certain areas. My interest is piqued thou ;з
Weapon balance, tech trees, special units, ship design, etc.
Terran Alliance is big on missiles. Big ships (they get "ships of the wall" or "capital" ships cheaper), big industry, strong core system. Home system has the Grand Fleet, but it's about 20 years out of date. Agents are likely to be Spies, Physicists, Engineers, etc. Leaders like Admiral, System Administrators, etc.
League is also missile-happy, but they have better energy weapons. They get production perks to non-capital ships, and have a special "Armed Merchie" class. Weak systems, but they have ships everywhere. Agents are likely to be Smugglers, Weapons Techs, and Space Jockeys. Leaders are like Captain, Tycoon/Magnate, etc.
You know the Kai. No home system, but a few dozen seedships. Energy weapons, more expensive tech, slow startup. Body Kai are part of both. But really: heavy units, great tech, etc.
Merope are basically alien bee eater birds. They have great units when working in groups, but solo they're not good. They use projectile weaponry, and hit HARD. They have very good tech, but their economy is wrecked (and fleet gone) from the Suncrusher Incident. Special units are fixed position, but great - sunbeams, planet-crackers, etc.
Synthetics are a robotic caste and merit based society. The majority are non sentient machines. The rest are sentient and reside in synthetic bodies. Death doesn't bother them aside from the loss of invaluable material. Making the sentient and sapient units are EXPENSIVE, but are undeniably the best. A fully sentient Superdreadnaught could take all of Home Fleet, and might possibly end up as "disabled hulk" instead of "radioactive pile of space junk."
Ship types?
Fighter, Frigate, Destroyer, Light Cruiser, Heavy Cruiser, Battlecruiser, Battleship.
Heavies are Superbattleships, Light Dreadnaught, Dreadnaught, Carrier, Heavy Dreadnaught, Superdreadnaught.
Not sure on design. It is likely that they will be assigned points based on tonnage, and components will be rated by point. Pre-designed ships WILL exceed points, but get designed according to side design philosophy. Custom designs are up to players to design; implementing design into philosophy requires a working model, and then a increased cost version.
Let's say you're an Alliance player, and instead of the big, mixed arms capital ships, you want to roll out a a BC with minimal crew, high speed, and a metric fuckton of smaller missiles. Proof of concept would be like... 1000 crew, 500g of acceleration, and a 12-tube broadside with 15 HP; design implementation would make it a crew of 750, 520g acceleration, 14-tube broadside, and 17 HP.