Earlier this evening, for reasons which I have forgotten, I was imagining a tag which would turn one material into another after a time. It evolved into this idea:
[DECAY:(transformed material):(transformed material):X:(released material):(released material)]
I had some ideas of additional complications, but this is the simplest idea and seems like it could easily capture all the needed effects.
How the Tag Works:
There are six parts, which we will examine individually:
DECAY--Identifies the tag as the "Decay" tag.
(transformed material):(transformed material)--A material tag which identify the substance that the original material becomes. "NONE:NONE" would make it vanish.
X--A number. It controls how long the material takes to decay. It could be measured in days, steps, or some other unit; maybe an X:Y thing, for a minimum and maximum time taken, would be better.
(released material):(released material)--The gas released by the decay, if any. "NONE:NONE" (or just NONE?) would make it not release anything.
How It Might Work:
Whenever an item is created, if it is of a decaying material, it has its "decay timer" started, determined by X. When this timer runs out, the object is replaced with an identical one made of the "transformed material". Decorations, coverings, and such are unaffected, although such things should probably decay as well. At this point, a given quantity of a fog made of the released material is, um, released.
Miasma would need to be made into a material as well. Still, this should be a fairly minor issue given the number of other hardcoded materials.
It should probably go without saying, but artifacts would not be affected by decay.
Obvious Uses:
Rotting: Should be obvious.
Rusting/Tarnishing Metals: Simply make "Rusty Iron," "Tarnished Copper," etc, and have the metals become the rusty/tarnished version. Perhaps you could go further to represent further levels of oxidation (Iron to Rusty Iron to Very Rusty Iron to Rust, say), but this might be a bit silly.
Rotten Wood: Current rotting is far to fast for wood. If we could make wood turn into rotten wood in a few years, instead of having it rot to nothingness in a few months while releasing an awful stench, wood would become all the more realistic.
Vanishing Blood: Unless contaminants didn't properly decay, of course.
Delayed-Use Gases: Mostly for modders. Basically, a reaction could create an item which would decay into a cloud of gas of some kind. Heck, all kinds of things could be done by modders!
Why Bother?
It allows malleability in the system, and includes another feature long awaited into the mix. Not to mention that it would be another excellent tool for modders.
This isn't a suggestion I expect to be added soon, but a system like this could improve DF greatly.