Strengthen Russia, not Russia's position.
That's the same thing. If your neighbours think of you as "unpredictable scary potential invader" instead of "reliable rich trading partner", you're not stronger at all. Look at the damage the last Iraq war did to the US, that will be part of how people see them for decades.
You've picked a bad example. USA is a #1 most powerful (both economically and militarily) country in the world that does whatever it wants. They can invade however many countries they want and people will still trade with them, through them and by using their money. This won't change unless it becomes weak, which is why USA's military spending is bigger that of all other countries combined.
Military power is an extremely poor indicator of economic efficiency. Just ask, well, the USSR. Or, for that matter, since you brought it up already, Nazi Germany. Both incredible military powers, both struggled economically (if corrected for their own and their own alone productivity; Nazi economy heavily depended on looting ferex) and were hilariously inefficient quite often.
Efficiency cannot be maintained if corruption is in place; corruption is implicitly inefficient, that's pretty much the point - instead of most efficient solutions, those that serve the powerful men's self-interest is favored, and anyone outside the current power structure who tries to beat the efficiency of someone in them usually dies in a lead poisoning accident, or has his enterprise shut down due to bureaucratic complaints, or something else.
Furthermore, corruption tends to entrench itself and spread, hampering efforts to eradicate it and dragging down the efficiency in more and more minuscule cogs of the system.
Soviet Union was "inefficient" in a sense that it didn't focus all its efforts into "consuming" sector of economy, but into "military" one. Considering how widespread Soviet arms are in the world, I'd say the did a very effective job there. The lack of total efficiency can be most likely attributed to the lack of any useful model of Soviet society; Marxism wasn't a good one, and there wasn't much effort put into evolving it further.
I personally blame Khrushchev for not doing that and shutting down the education on "Logic" in the school (yes, late-period Stalin have issued Logic as a thing to be teached to all young people, because he knew that educated population is more efficient).
Like I said, corruption cannot be dealt with unless we have an objective definitive model of Russian society. Without it, any attempts at dealing with it are not only pointless, but can be actively harmful to Russia.