So, is there any evidence of conflict between science and religion in the late medieval period? 1500 +?
Because anything I can find, it turns out that bastard A.D. White got there first and misinformed us.
Something to do with medicine would be good. Capping at the late 18th Century.
Neither is a medicine example, but Galileo's theory of heliocentrism was formally declared heretical by the Catholic Church in 1616, with heliocentric books being banned. When Galileo continued to come up with new scientific theories revolving around heliocentrism he was then later found "vehemently suspect of heresy" by a Roman Inquisition in 1633 and kept in indefinite house arrest for the next 9 years until he died.
The Galileo AffairIn addition in 1551-58 Conrad Gessner's series Historiae animalium was also banned by the Catholic church, mainly on the fact that the writer was a Protestant.
That said, the real issue here is that in a lot of cases around the time it wasn't so much a case of
religion conflicting with science, but more a case of
specific religions conflicting with
specific researchers (usually because they weren't part of their particular religion). The result is that you get cases where one religion (such as the Catholics in the Gessner example) banning theories while other religions accept them wholeheartedly because they don't conflict with the researcher's particular religion.
Funnily enough, medicine tends to be the one field where mainstream religion actually
helps the most rather than conflicting, most likely due to the fact that religion was one of the only organizations really large enough to perform wide-spread medical care as well as generally being matched with a "charitable" goal-set (and thus we see cases today such as the Catholic Church being the largest non-government provider of health care in the world). There was some pushback from traditional medicine and religion, but in many cases even this developed more into a duo of where you get treated simultaneously by the traditional medicine for the illnesses of the soul with normal medicinal advances treating the illnesses of the body rather than a direct clash.
TL;DR: The real conflict was usually between specific religions with theories from researchers of conflicting religions, with a few exceptions (such as the Galileo incident) rather than any sort of widespread conflict between science and religion as a whole.