you can ofcourse always make some practical places for marksdwarfs to shoot (arrow slits) and make the towers higher than what you would use for practical purposes, same with the walls. It'd look awesome and be practical at the same time.
As for castles, despite what some movies and games suggest (mostly older ones, true), a gate wasn't a set of doors or something and then you'd be in the courtyard. For a real fortress, the gate would be flanked by stronger, thicker fortifications and after breaching the first gate, you'd get into the well named gateway, a road that went to, imagine that, a gate or porticulous. Meanwhile from above you could drop burning oil, shoot arrows, drop more rocks, etc. Iirc, assassins creed actually had this in that if you climbed past the gate guards you'd still have to jump and whatever a bit AND get past the guards at the end of the gate.
It wasn't just for defence, but overall security too. You find a suspicious person or group, try to stop them, they make a dash and get lost in the building(s). This way, the outer guards shout a warning (or whatever, blow a whistle) and whoever was trying to sneak in is now caught between the inner guards and the outer ones.
This path sounds like a great place to put some traps and such
you could even have a courtyard: a lighter fortified area in front where the lord would keep visitors untill they were invited inside, or turned away, where traders traded, etc