Yea I wouldn't be too worried about the overfilling, it's pretty harmless unless it keeps on happening forever, but that's not too likely, as you'd probably be pretty anxious to get those magma smelters running, and so would watch it at least somewhat.
Even without making mechanisms to make pressure plates and link them, you could just set the hauling route so that once your dwarf has guided the cart all the way up to the level you're taking the magma to, he pushes the cart, and it goes around the dumping section of the track under it's own speed (lowest track stops don't slow down carts any more than basic track does, but can still dump), then rolls down to the magma sea on it's own afterwards (or is stopped, then guided down, if you're more safety-minded). At least my magma smelter rooms tend to be fairly large, so you'd at least avoid burning dwarves; at worst it'd melt the track stop, if that's not magma-safe.
Then again, that's practically an in-built fail-safe, since a melted stop won't overfill it any more. For the lazy, you could even take advantage of this. Make the track loop next to all the 1-tile channels you want for magma industry, have a dumping lowest friction track stop deliberately made out of non-magma-safe material at each, then just set the track to operate, preferably keeping dwarves out of that room. Once one channel fills to 1/7, it'll eventually melt away it's track stop, which will cause the cart to dump it's contents at the next stop instead, etc.
The pressure plate idea is great for something one would use repeatedly, for example filling a (small) reservoir of a non-recycling magma trap. Or even if it does recycle most of the magma, this would be useful to keep the reservoir topped up. Have your track fill 1 tile, once that hits 6/7, it opens the reservoir to be 3 tiles (small risk of evaporation causing delays here, but you can't build pressure plates on the same tile as floodgates/bridges), when the 3rd tile is at 6/7 or 7/7, have a pressure plate there open the reservoir some more, etc.
(DF forums: you might as well add "how to weaponize" to the start of every thread title)