2-5. Smelters near ore deposits; no stockpiles for iron bars, pig iron bars, steel bars, or fuel coal
If you mean simply leaving the metal bars inside the smelters, this will produce clutter in the workshops and slow it down. Best is to have the stockpiles as near to the smelters as possible, either directly surrounding it or on the floor above it with the stair directly next to the workshop.
For simplified schematics, Large, Serrated Steel Discs (LSSD) requires:
-5 long hauling jobs (2 iron ore, 2 flux stone, 1 lignite)
-7 production jobs (2 iron bar, 1 pig iron bar, 1 coal, 1 steel bar, 2 LSSD)
-5 other jobs (2 iron ore mine, 2 flux mine, 1 lignite mine)
Using wood instead of lignite requires 6 hauling, 8 production and 6 other jobs, while using bituminous coal requires 5 2/3 hauling, 6 2/3 production and 4 2/3 other jobs. This produces two LSSD with a base value of 3780 each, giving a total base value of 7560 for the entire process.
Assuming the mining jobs take a time of 1 job equivalent, the production jobs take a time of 3 job equivalent and the hauling jobs take a time of 10 job equivalents, this takes a total time of 76 job equivalents, producing a value of 99.5 per job equivalent.
In comparison, Large, Serrated Green Glass Discs (LSGGD) require:
2 long hauling jobs (bag to sand, sand bag to furnace)
1 production job (LSGGD)
1 other job (collect sand)
This produces one LSGGD with a base value of 252. This chain takes a total 24 job equivalents, producing a value of 10.5 per job equivalent, meaning LSSD produce about 9.5 times as much value.
Now in comparison to Large, Serrated Silver Discs (LSSiD):
1 long hauling job (silver ore)
2 production jobs (silver bars, LSSiD)
1 other job (mining)
LSSiD have a base value of 1260. This takes 17 job equivalents, giving it a production rate of 74.1 per job equivalent. This means LSSD produce about 1.3 times as much value.
This doesn't take several optimizations into account. For example, by putting both your empty and sand bag stockpiles directly next to the furnaces and putting the meeting hall directly next to that so your haulers can do the haul empty bag, collect sand and haul sand bag jobs in the same trip, saving about 1.7 times the time. Alternatively you can use a magma piston to bring magma to the surface or using a cave-in to bring sand to the magma sea, effectively removing the haul job, saving about 6 times the time.
I would also do a similar analysis for the food and clothing industries, but I'm not entirely sure how the values are calculated in those.