Can anyone post his way to get the dwarves to train? I'd like an answer especially from those guys who said, they could get the dwarves from noob to legendary within one year without workarounds. I want to know how the training system works - I do unterstand the rest of the military system. (which works quite well at the actual state - didn't notice any bug any more with drafting, drinking, eating, equipping the uniform any more)
Firstly i think it needs to be established that 'exploiting' is a sliding scale. Sure, there are cases where you can a) use danger room or b) not use danger room and it seems black and white - but what if you only use the danger room one month a year? What if you use real weapons instead of training spears? What if you use a danger room to train a teacher and then have him lead a squad with demonstrations? etc. It's a sliding scale.
With that in mind, here is my 2urists:
1) Embark with teachers. The more the merrier, really, as the teacher skill has the largest impact on demonstrations, which are the majority of any training other than a permanent 2-man squad (and even then they still do them), and teacher skill takes a while to train up.
2) "Game" your skills. By this i mean don't start a squad where each member has a single point in a different military skill. They will spend forever trying to teach everyone else that one skill, and they will suck at it because they have no teacher skill, the skill they are teaching is low, and the others have little or no student skill. Put squads together that either have a) all the same skills or b) no skills at all.
3) Small squads. Doesn't have to be 2 soldiers max forever. Start with 2 teachers, get them up to level 10 weapon skill, then add a student. Get him to a good place, then add another student. At the point where your initial 2 become so good that they start getting points in biting, kicking, etc. they will start teaching these skills - this is a good time to revisit point 2) and incorporate it into point 3).
That's about it, really. Well, there are plenty of other tips and factors, eg. i always leave the default '10 minimum' on - but the above is the main points.
If you're wondering whether i've actually tried this or not - every fort i play (which would be around 20-30 so far this way) includes humans and elves modded to be automatically hostile (like goblins), orcs added, and all of the above attack in all seasons; and i defend this with nothing but military.
Or, that is, i try to defend. Works pretty well for me, anyway