I do like this idea. I've been playing around with the notion of having a revision on the way in which nutrition is tracked in DF, such as in the older
Down with prepared meals thread, as well as the
Improved Farming thread, since eating is a natural extension of farming.
Making foods become classified into some sort of broad or narrow category would allow for at least some vague sort of nutrition system, where dwarves that don't eat at least one food item with a fruit-type category will become vulnerable to scurvvy, or if you eat almost nothing but grains, you get
beriberi.
Of course, it would be useful too in just making something like the minotaurs that were vegetarians, and have trouble eating meat, the way that bulls don't eat meat.
As for gnomelettes that only eat strawberries... reminds me of
some things I remember watching on Nick Jr. as a kid... (Wait, those were both foreign animations? Why does that figure?)
Anyway, making food classes that make eyeball grass not edible to cows is a good idea in and of itself, as well, (and something Toady mentioned he wanted to do) so I expect this sort of thing, which already follows some of the basic coding logic DF already runs on, should be fairly simple and logical to implement and use.
You could have a general "plant" token for strict carnivores that never eat plants, and a vegetable or fruit or grass or more specific hard seed token or the like to have more specific types of tokens. Animal parts could have specific food type tokens, as well, since not everyone would necessarily be able to eat (or prefer to eat) brains or pancreas.
It's also worth noting that few creatures are utterly and completely carnivorous - look at dog or catfood, and you'll see rice or corn are pretty high up there in the ingredient list, and those animals are "carnivores". They just have a diet based upon eating very large amounts of meat for their nutrition, and little plant matter, so having a nutritional system based upon eating, say, at least 70% meat (for hypercarnivores) in their diet per period of time might be the best way to go about doing things.
Also, on the topic of being evil to eat a mermaid (which, being sentient, only elves and goblins woud do, anyway, right?), a childhood spent playing Nintendo has taught me that there is a Japanese legend that mermaids are (ageless) immortal, and eating one would make you immortal, as well. (And just looking onto Google for a reference, the second hit was some
islamic website where one guy was saying that if you ever caught one, it's totally OK to eat one, since "dolphin" is "pig of the sea", so eating a "human of the sea" is halaal/kosher, too! For fairness, this was disputed.) I wonder how you're supposed to season mermaid?