Here's the List. I'll Go thrugh this and write the Raws in a while.
The List O' Plants:
Dwarven:
Plump Helmets : A major Dwarven food Crop. Versatile, but will not grow in winter. Brewed into Wine
Sweet Pods : Source of Dwarven Sugar. Can be made into Rum.
Cave Wheat : Refined into Flour or Beer
Dimple Cup : A maligned Dwarven crop, this can only be used to make a valuable dye.
Rock Nuts : The leaves of this plant are edible, but require much work to be prepared.
Pig Tail : A popular form of fiberus fungi, useful for simple fabrics.
Star Mushroom : This glowing plant can be made into literally sparkling wine, and makes a great light snack!
Heart Spore : The off-putting name of this hides a pleasant taste in a heart-shaped plant.
Greater Truffle : A rare Dwarven plant that can be grown underground and in the open, though slowly.
Cave Squash : Tasty and hearty, this plant requires longer to grow than most others. Brewed into Squash Ale
Rock Moss : An extremely simple and bland plant, this is still a staple in many Mountainhomes.
Native Cap : Many sub-varieties of this white mushroom exist, and one will always grow somewhere. Can't be drunk.
Musk Leaf : Fine, dusty sheaves of moss with a thick odor. Only Dwarves could love it...
Granite Grass : This Dwarven plant is one of the few to grow above ground, up in the reaches of the mountains.
Mountain Sprig : Like Granite Grass, except even rarer. Can be brewed into Summit Cider.
Woolly Moss : A soft, puffy mold used for finer cloths.
Humans: Muck Roots : Yamlike, but more gritty and bland. Makes a kind of beer, right?
Bloated Tuber : A potato. Now has “spawn” for growing new batches. Make this make Vodka or something.
Longland Grass : Similar to wheat, but more brushy and coarse. Makes Longland Beer.
Hide Root : A root with a powerful odor useful for tanning and dieing.
Dew Vine : A Tomato. No, the plant.
Sugar Reed : An actual sugar cane. Makes Rum
Army Vine : Grapes; the clusters of fruits are seen to resemble a wave of soldiers. Makes Grape Wine
Leather Leaf : Cabbage-like vegetable.
Wheat : There's “Cave Wheat” so why not Normal wheat. Makes Human Beer.
Horse Grain : Oats; has normal oat brewables.
Spear Plant : Corn by another name. Can be brewed
Titan Squash : A large, reddish orange squash. I.E. Pumpkins
Red Root : Red is a misnomer, as they are mostly orange. A small sprig above ground belies 'carrots'
White Water Grain : White Rice. Both Rices make Rice Wine.
Brown Water Grain : Brown Rice. Come to think of it, are these actually different plants?
Pine Flower : An extractable plant that grows in pine forests as a spice.
Jute Grass : Makes Burlap, for cheap cloth.
Rabbit Herb : A spice from oaken areas.
Violet Root : Insanely hot herb that can be extracted or brewed into a terrible beverage.
Elves:
Fisher Berries : Brewable berries, probably blueberries come to think of it.
Sun Berries : Elven fancy-pants glowy fruit.
Whip Vines : Expensive Wine and flour. Made more rare.
Valley Herb : Salve!
Blade Weed : Dye!
Rope Reed : Cloth! And Spirits!
Kobold Bulb : Why do Elves have Kobold Plants? No one knows, it's part of the shaded history of them... Probably Garlic.
Evermind Flower : Don't ask me why, but I liked this plant.
Beed Berry Fern : A simple and fast growing plant that grows small, tangy berries.
Moon Leaf : Lettuce.
Sour Root : Onion. With Onion Wine.
Aloe : The desert plant can have “Aloe” extracted.
Dragon Herb : This is another stolen plant, but I like the background and the extractables.
Palm Choker : A Spice plant for tropical areas.
Brush Greens : Spinach
Milk Pod : Coconut, with extractable milk.
Oil Seed : Olives. Not brewed but milled to oil, so it can be used in cooking.
Yellow Tongue : Bananas. Normally they have trees, but in DF they don't.
Green Cloister : Peas.
Scull Spine : A violent name for an Elven breed of Cactus.
Goblins:
Blood Sponge : A saggy, bloated plant that grows in Evil areas. Brews into Bloodwine.
Red Tower : A crenelated mushroom that can be eaten, or milled into a dye.
Rust Grass : Splotchy orange and red wheatlike plant.
Blue Drum : Grows into a pale blue-and-green gourd. Brews into Blue Ale.
Rip Hair : Scraggy and itchy cloth that is nonetheless tough.
Rat Weed : As we know and love.
Brass Blossom : A yellow fungal flower with use as a spice.
Lizard's leg : Another spice, growing in the desert.
Kobolds:
Marrow Pod : An incredibly durable shell protects a dry but meaty fruit.
Durian : A terrible-smelling fruit that actually tastes quite good, supposedly.
Rot Weed : Brewable, millable, and weavable. Not that it's any good once you're done.
Rock Needle : A form of Cactus with all but no nutritional value.
Other Plants:
Silver Barb : Curor and dye. Why did I plant this again?
Crag Brush : Tumble weed, except for that fact that Dwarven ingenuity can squeeze a few drops of ale out of it.
Elk Grass : A sparse grass that grows in the tundra.
Yhevek Plant : Glacial ice suppresses all but the hardiest of plants and dwarves. This plant takes most of the year to grow.
Iron Spice : A cave spice that looks like rust, and gives a metallic tang.
Ash Cap : A volcanic mushroom that provides a sometimes pleasant sulfurous taste.
Water Reed : Cat tails. The root is the most edible part, once boiled briefly.
Seaweeds:
Shark Purse : Pockets of fiber that can be brewed to Shark's Blood. Don't ask me why purses give blood...
Coast Wire : Coarse wires of seaweed that require a lot of chewing.
Bone Moss : Grows near the waves and can be ground into Bone Moss Powder for cooking.
Clam Hook : Bits of edible fruit exist in this plant.
Salt Moss : The last Spice, a salty, salty, salty plant.