I guess better to necro, than start anew.
Recently took another look at ranged targeting for DF 0.43.05. Targeting is mainly affected by facing, or what you could call sidedness. When you have
ambusher on, you'll see an NPC's
vision arc and thus their facing direction (if the arc is a cone). There's still randomness in what gets hit, but by using facing, it's a good deal more dialed in toward the side you're firing at. Useful for achieving suffocation versus organics or disarms on melee/ranged units.
If an NPC is facing south and you want to hit right side and hopefully increase your odds of hitting right lung, you'd want to have a line of fire that's going eastward/northeast. If you want left lung, you'd want to fire westward/northwest. Same for disarming a melee unit, identify weapon side, fire toward that side.
Sorry in advance for the crappy diagram:
goblin facing south,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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g,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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/,,,,,\,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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/,,,,,,,,,,,,,\,,,,,,,,,,
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@,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,@,,,,,
firing NE,,,,,,,,,,,firing NWWhile not perfect, it works a good deal better than firing from whatever position.
For those of you who want to test the idea of sidedness, the best test target is something with a tail. Shooting a southward facing NPC from behind hits its tail more often, than say firing frontal; aiming toward a side more often hits that side, etc.
Note: Handedness when squared up has a similar, but lesser influence that's more noticeable with strikes: if you want left lung damage, punch with your right. Holding your bow/xbow with right hand when firing to get left side/left lung kinda nudges damage a bit more toward the desired result.