I tend to give them all a nickname, like "!MINER!" or "!DOC!" letting me know quickly what that dwarf's purpose is.
I organize my military with "F1" or "M1" nicknames to indicate squads (Fighter Squad 1, Marksdwarf Squad 1, etc).
That way I can quickly sort an influx of a dozen or so migrants into squads, and I don't risk accidentally taking them out of one squad and into another on the recruitment screen.
I give each migrant a job when he arrives. I prefer to base it on their skills, but sometimes that doesn't work out. I try to grab anybody with military experience straight into the army. If I really can't figure out what to do with somebody I tag them a "!HAULER!" and turn off all activities except hauling. Lets me know they're useless fodder.
Sometimes their color doesn't match the profession I picked, so that's a little confusing. I might set my Grand Master Beekeeper to be a "!CRAFTER!" or something, and it'll be ages before he switches to the right color.
When I get a Legendary dwarf (usually from a mood) I strip off any extraneous jobs (like my aforementioned "!CRAFTER!" who might have all craft skills enabled) and give him the sole job and nickname of his new legendary speciality, and then go through and make sure no other dwarves have that profession enabled accidentally.
But sometimes all the overhead just seems tedious. Do you have any particular tips or strategies?
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Also, a totally unrelated question, what is the fastest way to train up military dwarves? It seems to take them forever to get good, even when I start with skilled migrants who spend all their time training.