I noticed that the way injuries works right now is kind of basic and uneffective. I have some ideas...
Infirmary
I think it would be a good idea to add a new infirmary room. Injured dwarves would be brought here to rest in a bed instead of in the barracks/their room. This way you could make it more convinient by placing a well and food nearby.
More useful health care labor
A dwarf that is skilled at health care would actually speed up recovery of light to medium wounds by visiting and caring for each patient every once in a while. This would also reduce the chance of wounded dwarves becoming depressed and having emotional breakdowns.
Surgery
Dwarves skilled a health care can perform some surgery/advanced health care, for example fixate a broken limb or amputate a mangled limb.
Pregnacies
Pregnant dwarves should go to the infirmary to give birth and maybe even have to spend some time there recovering. Infants could have to spend their first days there.
Medecine
You should be able to make salves and medicine from some plants, herbs and animals. This could be done in the Alchemist's Laboratory/Mill/Farmer's Workshop or even in the infirmary itself by an health care expert. Some salves could for example be used to treat burnt dwarves.
Just some ideas, what do you think?